Használati utasítás MOTOROLA V66I

[. . . ] >@^` a #B " " ! /< [ !v $] L7$3TM V]RIWYHUHV SUHGLNWmY V]qYHJEHYLWHOL PoG KDV]QgODWD $] L7$3| V]RIWYHU EL]WRVmWMD D SUHGLNWmY V]qYHJEHYLWHOL PoGV]HUW DPHO\ OHKHWÊYk WHV]L KRJ\ HJ\ V]o EHWØLW HJ\ JRPE OHQ\RPgVgYDO LV EHYLKHVVH 1\RPMD PHJ D M !%HYLWHOL PyG JRPERW EgUPHO\LN V]qYHJEHYLWHOL NkSHUQ\ÊQ kV YgODVV]D D] L7$3 PHQsSRQWRW $ WHOHIRQ KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 54 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 6]DYDN EHmUgVD 7HJ\H H]W 1\RPMRQ PHJ HJ\V]HU HJ\ V]gPJRPERW 1\RPMD PHJ D ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDLW EHWØQNkQW HJ\HW (UHGPkQ\ mUMD EH D V]o HOVÊ EHWØMkW $ JRPEKR] WDUWR]o EHWØN D NLMHO]Ê DOMgQ MHOHQQHN PHJ mUMD EH D V]o KgWUDOkYÊ UkV]kW $ WqEEL V]o kV EHWØNRPELQgFLo D NkSHUQ\Ê DOVo UkV]kQ MHOHQLN PHJ $ V]DYDN PLQGHQ WRYgEEL JRPEQ\RPgVUD YgOWR]QDN YgODVV]D NL D NmYgQW V]oW mUMD EH D V]oW D YLOORJo NXU]RU KHO\kUH $ EHmUW V]o XWgQ DXWRPDWLNXVDQ HJ\ V]oNq] LV PHJMHOHQLN 1\RPMD PHJ D S JRPERW 1\RPMD PHJ . , 9È/ + $ WHOHIRQ KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 55 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 3kOGgXO D] DFW V]o EHmUgVgKR] Q\RPMD PHJ D NqYHWNH]Ê JRPERNDW 2 2 8 $ NkSHUQ\ÊQ H] MHOHQLN PHJ 9LOORJo NXU]RU 1\RPMD PHJ D S MHO]L D EHV]rUgVL SRQWRW JRPERW D WRYgEEL V]oWDOgODWRN PHJMHOHQmWkVkKH] $FW &DW %DW $EX 7g5/e6 1\RPMD PHJH]W 7g5/e6 D] XWROVo EHWØ WqUOkVkKH] } . , 9È/ 1\RPMD PHJ D . , 9È/ + JRPERW D NLMHOqOW V]o EHV]rUgVgKR] $] L7$3 V]oWgUEDQ QHP V]HUHSOË V]DYDN EHmUgVD 2O\DQ V]oW LV EHmUKDW DPHO\HW QHP LVPHU IHO D] L7$3 V]RIWYHU +D QHP MHOHQLN PHJ D V]o 7HJ\H H]W 1\RPMD PHJ D 7g5/e6 - JRPERW HJ\V]HU YDJ\ WqEEV]qU 1\RPMD PHJ D S JRPERW 1\RPMD PHJ D . , 9È/ + JRPERW PDMG Q\RPMD EDOUD D S JRPERW )RO\WDVVD D EHWØN EHmUgVgW kV D EHWØNRPELQgFLoN NLMHOqOkVkW (UHGPkQ\ WqUqOMqQ EHWØNHW DPmJ PHJ QHP MHOHQLN D] D EHWØNRPELQgFLo DPHO\ PHJHJ\H]LN D V]o NH]GHWkYHO MHOqOMH NL D EHWØW YDJ\ EHWØNRPELQgFLoW YLJ\H EDOUD D V]qYHJEHYLWHOL NXU]RUW kV ]gUROMD D V]o NLMHOqOW UkV]kW V]o EHWØLQHN PHJDGgVD $ WHOHIRQ KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 56 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM UgVMHOHN EHmUgVD 1\RPMD PHJ 1 YDJ\ 0 (UHGPkQ\ mUgVMHOHN YDJ\ HJ\kE NDUDNWHU EHmUgVD D NqYHWNH]Ê UkV]EHQ OHmUWDN V]HULQW . DUDNWHUODS ROGDORQ 1DJ\EHWÙN KDV]QgODWD (J\ PRQGDW HOVÊ V]DYgQDN HOVÊ EHWØMH DXWRPDWLNXVDQ QDJ\EHWØV PmJ D WqEEL EHWØ NLVEHWØV OHV] 1\RPMD PHJ S IHOIHOk YDJ\ OHIHOk (UHGPkQ\ D V]DYDN HOVÊ NDUDNWHUkW QDJ\EHWØVVk DODNmWMD LOOHWYH D] qVV]HV NDUDNWHUW QDJ\EHWØVVk YDJ\ NLVEHWØVVk DODNmWMD 6]gPRN EHmUgVD 7HJ\H H]W UMD EH D] HOVÊ V]gPMHJ\HW PDMG MHOqOMH NL 1\RPMD PHJ D V]gPJRPERNDW 1\RPMD PHJ . , 9È/ + (UHGPkQ\ gOOmWVD gW D] L7$3 SURJUDPRW V]gPEHmUgVL s]HPPoGED DGMRQ KR]]g V]gPMHJ\HNHW D V]gPKR] mUMD EH D V]gPRW D YLOORJo NXU]RU KHO\kUH $ WHOHIRQ KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 57 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM %HWÙN kV V]DYDN WqUOkVH +HO\H]]H D NXU]RUW D WqUOHQGÊ V]qYHJWÊO MREEUD kV KDMWVD YkJUH D NqYHWNH]ÊNHW 7HJ\H H]W 1\RPMD PHJ H]W 7g5/e6 7g5/e6 - (UHGPkQ\ HJ\V]HUUH HJ\ EHWØW WqUqO D] HJkV] s]HQHW WqUOkVH 7DUWVD OHQ\RPYD 6DMgW QHYkQHN kV WHOHIRQV]gPgQDN WgUROgVD )HOKDV]QgOoL QkY kV WHOHIRQV]gPLQIRUPgFLoN WgUROgVD YDJ\ V]HUNHV]WkVH D 6, 0NgUW\gQ 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > %HiOOtWiVRN > 7HOHIRQ iOODSRW > 6DMiW WHOHIRQV]iPRN , GÊ kV GgWXP EHgOOmWgVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH $ QDSWgU KDV]QgODWgKR] D KHO\HV LGÊW kV GgWXPRW NHOO EHgOOmWDQLD D WHOHIRQRQ M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN > *\iUL EHiOOtWiVRN > , Gv pV GiWXP $] DNWmY YRQDO PHJYgOWR]WDWgVD 0oGRVmWMD D] DNWmY WHOHIRQYRQDODW D KmYgVRN PgVLN WHOHIRQV]gPUoO WqUWkQÊ NH]GHPkQ\H]kVkKH] kV IRJDGgVgKR] $ WHOHIRQ KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 58 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 0HJMHJ\]kV (] D PHQsSRQW FVDN RO\DQ 6, 0 NgUW\gNQgO kUKHWÊ HO DPHO\HNQkO HQJHGkO\H]YH YDQ PLQGNkW WHOHIRQYRQDO 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > %HiOOtWiVRN > 7HOHIRQ iOODSRW > $NWtY YRQDO $NNXPXOgWRU WqOWkVkQHN PHJÊU]kVH (J\HV KgOo]DWRNRQ kV WHOHIRQRNEDQ RO\DQ WqOWkVPHJÊU]Ê EHgOOmWgV LV WDOgOKDWo DPHOO\HO PHJÊUL]KHWÊ D] DNNXPXOgWRU WqOWkVH 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN > *\iUL EHiOOtWiVRN > (QHUJLDWDNDUpNRV $NNXPXOgWRU WqOWkVkQHN ILJ\HOkVH $NNXPXOgWRU WqOWqWWVkJL V]LQWMkQHN UkV]OHWHV PHJWHNLQWkVH 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH > 7|OWpV NLMHO]pV M > %HiOOtWiVRN > 7HOHIRQ iOODSRW $ WHOHIRQ VSHFLILNgFLoLQDN PHJWHNLQWkVH 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH $ WHOHIRQ VSHFLILNgFLoLQDN PHJWHNLQWkVH KD NLDGMD H]HNHW D V]ROJgOWDWo M > %HiOOtWiVRN > 7HOHIRQ iOODSRW > (J\pE LQIRUPiFLyN $ WHOHIRQ KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 59 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM +mYgVIXQNFLoN $ KmYgVRN NH]GHPkQ\H]kVkYHO kV IRJDGgVgYDO NDSFVRODWRV DODSYHWÊ WXGQLYDOoNkUW OgVG D ROGDOW $ WHOHIRQV]gP NLMHO]kVH 0HJMHJ\]kV $ WHOHIRQV]gPgW EH NHOO SURJUDPR]QLD D 6, 0NgUW\gUD D V]ROJgOWDWgV KDV]QgODWD HOÊWW /gVG D ROGDOW . kV]HQOkWL gOODSRWEDQ 1\RPMD PHJ M# (UHGPkQ\ WHOHIRQV]gP NLMHO]kVH $PLNRU KmYgVEDQ YDQ 1\RPMD PHJ M !6DMiW WHOHIRQV]iPRN (UHGPkQ\ WHOHIRQV]gP NLMHO]kVH 7HOHIRQV]gP rMUDKmYgVD 1\RPMD PHJ N S N (UHGPkQ\ PHJMHOHQmWL D WgUFVg]RWW V]gPRN OLVWgMgW OkSWHVVHQ D KmYQL NmYgQW WkWHOUH WHOHIRQV]gP rMUDKmYgVD +mYgVIXQNFLoN UG. GSM. book Page 60 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM +mYoIkOD]RQRVmWoN KDV]QgODWD %HMqYÊ KmYgVRN $ KmYoIkOD]RQRVmWo D EHMqYÊ KmYgVRNQgO NLmUMD D WHOHIRQV]gPRW $ WHOHIRQ D KmYo IkO QHYkW LV PHJMHOHQmWL KD D WHOHIRQNqQ\YEHQ D PHJIHOHOÊ QkY LV WgUROYD YDQ D WHOHIRQV]gP PHOOHWW LOOHWYH D %HM|Yv KtYiV V]qYHJ MHOHQLN PHJ KD D KmYoIkOD]RQRVmWoUD YRQDWNR]o LQIRUPgFLoN QHP gOOQDN UHQGHONH]kVUH 0HJMHJ\]kV 1HP Qk]KHWL PHJ D KmYoW D]RQRVmWo LQIRUPgFLoNDW KD Q\LWYD YDQ D IOLS KRJ\ NLYgODVV]RQ HJ\ KmYgVIRJDGgVL RSFLoW (QQHN D KmYgVIRJDGgVL RSFLoQDN D NLNDSFVROgVgKR] OgVG D ROGDOW . LPHQÊ KmYgVRN %HgOOmWKDWMD KRJ\ D NLPHQÊ KmYgVRNQgO PHJMHOHQMHQH D] eQ WHOHIRQV]gPD D KmYRWW IkO WHOHIRQMgQ 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > %HiOOtWiVRN > +tYiV N|]EHQL EHiOOtW > 6DMiW D]RQRVtWy )HOsOEmUgOKDWMD D] DODSkUWHOPH]HWW KmYoIkOD]RQRVmWo EHgOOmWgVW PLHOÊWW KmYgVW NH]GHPkQ\H]QH 7gUFVg]gV Nq]EHQ KD D V]gPRN D NLMHO]ÊQ OgWKDWoN 1\RPMD PHJ M ! [. . . ] NsOGkV m VLNHUWHOHQ &VHYHJkV V]qYHJ &DUOR!0LNRU NH]GvGLN" >>. DW\>GH . , /e3e6 /HJrMDEE s]HQHWHN D QDSOo DOMgQ MHOHQQHN PHJ M &+$7 UMD EH D YgODV]W . LOkSkV 1\RPMD PHJ D M JRPERW HQQHN D FVHYHJkVEÊO PHJQ\LWgVgKR] &KDW 0HQ $ &KDW 0HQ PHQs D NqYHWNH]Ê PHQsSRQWRNDW WDUWDOPD]]D 0HQsSRQW ÒM &KDW 3DUWQHU KtYiVD 6]iP +tYiVD 6]iP PHQWpVH &KDW YpJH 7HWHMpUH /HJDOVyUD h]HQHWOLVWiW 7|U|O . OGpV ~MUD /HmUgV (OLQGmWMD D FVHYHJkVW )HOKmYMD D FVHYHJÊSDUWQHUW )HOKmYMD D FVHYHJkVL QDSOoEDQ V]HUHSOÊ V]gPRW 7HOHIRQNqQ\YEHMHJ\]kVW KR] OkWUH D FVHYHJkVL QDSOoEDQ V]HUHSOÊ WHOHIRQV]gP DODSMgQ %HIHMH]L D FVHYHJkVW $ FVHYHJkVL QDSOo WHWHMkUH OkS $ FVHYHJkVL QDSOo DOMgUD OkS 7qUOL D] qVV]HV V]qYHJHW D FVHYHJkVL QDSOoEoO MUDNsOGL D OHJXWROVo FVHYHJkVL s]HQHWHW KD DQQDN HONsOGkVH VLNHUWHOHQ YROW f]HQHWHN kV FVHYHJkV UG. GSM. book Page 93 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 0HQsSRQW h]HQHW NOGpVH /HmUgV M FVHYHJkVL s]HQHWHW KR] OkWUH 9gODV] D FVHYHJkVUH $PLNRU FVHYHJkVL s]HQHW kUNH]LN EH D WHOHIRQ PHJMHOHQmWL D &KDW pUNH]HWW FVHYHJkVL QHYHW kV ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVW DG 1\RPMD PHJ (/)2*$' + 0(//u= - (UHGPkQ\ IRJDGMD D FVHYHJkVW HOXWDVmWMD D FVHYHJkVW +D D] HPOkNH]WHWÊN EH YDQQDN NDSFVROYD D WHOHIRQ V]DEgO\RV LGÊNq]qQNkQW MHO]L D] rM s]HQHWHN EHkUNH]kVkW DPmJ QHP YgODV]RO D FVHYHJkVL kUWHVmWkVUH YDJ\ QHP NDSFVROMD NL D WHOHIRQW +D D FVHYHJkV VRUgQ PgVLN FVHYHJkVL NkUkV LV EHIXW DNNRU D] rM NkUkV EHMqYÊ V]qYHJHV s]HQHWNkQW MHOHQLN PHJ D FVHYHJkVW NkUÊ FVHYHJkVL QHYH SHGLJ D] s]HQHW HOHMkUH NHUsO &VHYHJkV EHIHMH]kVH 1\RPMD PHJ M S . , 9È/ + , *(1 (UHGPkQ\ Q\LVVD PHJ D &KDW 0HQ PHQW OkSWHVVHQ LGH &KDW YpJH YgODVV]D H]W &KDW YpJH IHMH]]H EH D FVHYHJkVW f]HQHWHN kV FVHYHJkV UG. GSM. book Page 94 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $ FVHYHJkV D WHOHIRQ NLNDSFVROgVDNRU EHMqYÊ KmYgV IRJDGgVDNRU LOOHWYH rM FVHYHJkV LQGmWgVDNRU LV EHIHMH]ÊGLN $ FVHYHJkVL SDUWQHU QHP NDS ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVW DUUoO KRJ\ eQ EHIHMH]WH D FVHYHJkVW +D D SDUWQHUH WRYgEEL FVHYHJkVL V]qYHJHW NsOG DNNRU D]RNDW D WHOHIRQ HJ\V]HUØ EHMqYÊ V]qYHJHV s]HQHWNkQW NH]HOL kV D] s]HQHW HOHMkUH D NsOGÊ FVHYHJkVL QHYkW KHO\H]L +D QHP D &KDW YpJH RSFLoYDO OkS NL D FVHYHJkVL QDSOoEoO kV D FVHYHJkVL SDUWQHUH rMDEE s]HQHWHW NsOG DNNRU D WHOHIRQ kUWHVmWL qQW HUUÊO kV D EHkUNH]HWW s]HQHWHW D FVHYHJkVL QDSOoKR] IØ]L $ FVHYHJkVL QDSOoED WqUWkQÊ YLVV]DWkUkVVHO IRO\WDWKDWMD D FVHYHJkVW f]HQHWHN kV FVHYHJkV UG. GSM. book Page 95 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD $] HOHNWURQLNXV WHOHIRQNqQ\YEHQ QHYHNEÊO WHOHIRQV]gPRNEoO kV HPDLO FmPHNEÊO gOOo OLVWgW WgUROKDW $ WHOHIRQNqQ\YEHQ WgUROW QHYHN PHJWHNLQWkVkKH] Q\RPMD PHJ D M !7HOHIRQN|Q\Y JRPERW D NkV]HQOkWL NLMHO]ÊUÊO /kSWHVVHQ HJ\ QkYUH kV Q\RPMD PHJ D 0(*1<, 7 + JRPERW D WHOHIRQNqQ\YEHMHJ\]kVKH] WDUWR]o UkV]OHWHV DGDWRN PHJWHNLQWkVkKH] D] DOgEELDN DODSMgQ *\RUVPHQsN 1\RPMD OHIHOk D] S JRPERW D NkV]HQOkWL NLMHO]ÊQ D WHOHIRQNqQ\Y PHJQ\LWgVgKR] %HMHJ\]kVHN UkV]OHWHLQHN PHJWHNLQWkVH 7mSXV MHO]Ê D]RQRVmWMD D V]gP WmSXVgW $ 0XQNDKHO\ U 2WWKRQL S )Ê h 0RELO Z )D[ p 6]HPkO\KmYo [ (PDLO 9LVV]DWk UkV D OLVWgED +DQJD]RQRVmWo MHO]Ê MHOqOL D IHOYHWW KDQJD]RQRVmWoW %HMHJ\]kV QHYH %HMHJ\]kV WHOHIRQ V]gPD YDJ\ HPDLO FmPH %HMHJ\]kV J\RUV KmYo V]gPD $*&DUOR (PU\V *\RUVV]iP 9, 66=$ 7 6=(5. M 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y PHQ 1\RPMD PHJ D M %HMHJ\]kV V]HUNHV] JRPERW D NqYHWNH]Ê PHQs WkVH PHJQ\LWgVgKR] 7 MHO]L D WHOHIRQPHPoULg EDQ WgUROW EHMHJ\]kVW 6 MHO]L D 6, 0 PHPoULgEDQ WgUROW EHMHJ\]kVW 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 96 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 0HJMHJ\]kVHN w +D PHJNsOqQEq]WHWÊ KmYgVILJ\HOPH]WHWkVW gOOmW EH HJ\ EHMHJ\]kV V]gPgUD DNNRU D &VHQJHWpVL D]RQRVtWy EHgOOmWgV MHOHQLN PHJ D J\RUVKmYo V]gP DODWW w $ 6, 0NgUW\gQ WgUROW EHMHJ\]kVHN QHP UHQGHONH]QHN D 7tSXV +DQJD]RQRVtWy kV D &VHQJHWpVL D]RQRVtWy DGDWRNNDO 7HOHIRQNqQ\YEHMHJ\]kV WgUROgVD $ EHMHJ\]kVHNHW FVDN D WHOHIRQV]gP YDJ\ D] HPDLO FmP PHJDGgVgYDO OHKHW D WHOHIRQNqQ\YEHQ WgUROQL $ WqEEL LQIRUPgFLo PHJDGgVD QHP NqWHOH]Ê (J\ DGRWW EHMHJ\]kVW D WHOHIRQEDQ YDJ\ D 6, 0NgUW\gQ WgUROKDW $ WHOHIRQNqQ\YEHMHJ\]kVHN LJ J\RUVKmYo V]gPRN D WHOHIRQEDQ WgUROoGQDN D] WÊO NH]GÊGÊ EHMHJ\]kVHN SHGLJ D 6, 0NgUW\gUD NHUsOQHN $ 6, 0NgUW\gQ WgUROKDWo EHMHJ\]kVHN WHOMHV V]gPD D V]ROJgOWDWoWoO IsJJ *\RUVPHQsN 1\RPMD IHOIHOk D] S JRPERW D NkV]HQOkWL NLMHO]ÊQ D WHOHIRQNqQ\Y PHJQ\LWgVgKR] kV D >ÒM EHMHJ\]pV@ PHQsSRQWUD OkSkVKH] *\RUVPHQsN UMD EH D WHOHIRQV]gPRW D NkV]HQOkWL NLMHO]ÊQ PDMG Q\RPMD PHJ D 7È52/È6 + JRPERW D WHOHIRQNqQ\YWkWHOQHN D 6]iP PH]ÊEHQ OkYÊ V]gPPDO WqUWkQÊ OkWUHKR]gVgKR] $ IRO\WDWgVKR] OkSMHQ Nq]YHWOHQsO D OkSkVUH 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 97 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM , QIRUPgFLoN EHmUgVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S . , 9È/ + 0Ï'26Ë7 + ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL 2. + 0Ï'26Ë7 + ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL 2. + 0Ï'26Ë7 + S . , 9È/ + 0Ï'26Ë7 + M > 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y M > ÒM (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ LGH 7HOHIRQV]iP YDJ\ LGH (PDLO FtP YgODVV]D NL D EHMHJ\]kV WmSXVgW YgODVV]D H]W 1pY mUMRQ EH HJ\ QHYHW D EHMHJ\]kVKH] WgUROMD D QHYHW YgODVV]D D 6]iP YDJ\ D (PDLO PHQSRQWRW S mUMD EH D WHOHIRQV]gPRW YDJ\ D] HPDLO FmPHW WgUROMD D WHOHIRQV]gPRW YDJ\ D] HPDLO FmPHW YgODVV]D H]W 7tSXV OkSWHVVHQ D WHOHIRQV]gP WmSXVgUD YgODVV]D NL D V]gP WmSXVgW YgODVV]D D 7iUROiVL KHO\ PHQsSRQWRW KD PoGRVmWDQL V]HUHWQk D EHMHJ\]kV IL]LNDL WgUROgVL KHO\kW OkSWHVVHQ LGH 7HOHIRQ YDJ\ LGH 6, 0 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 98 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ . , 9È/ + )(/9(6= + YDJ\ /kSMHQ D OkSkVUH KD QHP V]HUHWQH KDQJD]RQRVm WoW KR]]gUHQ GHOQL S (UHGPkQ\ DGMD PHJ D WgUROgVL KHO\HW YHJ\H IHO D +DQJD]RQRVtWy QHYHW D EHMHJ\]kVKH] KD V]sNVkJHV OkSWHVVHQ LGH *\RUVV]iP $ NqYHWNH]Ê HOkUKHWÊ J\RUVV]gP DODSkUWHOPH]kVNkQW NDSFVROoGLN D] rM EHMHJ\]kVKH] YgODVV]D D *\RUVV]iP PHQsSRQWRW KD PoGRVmWDQL V]HUHWQk D J\RUVKmYo V]gPRW mUMRQ EH HJ\ PgVLN J\RUVKmYo V]gPRW KD V]sNVkJHV WgUROMD HO D J\RUVKmYo V]gPRW 0Ï'26Ë7 + ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL 2. + 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 99 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ 0Ï'26Ë7 + (UHGPkQ\ YgODVV]D D &VHQJHWpVL D]RQRVtWy PHQsSRQWRW KD NsOqQ KmYgVILJ\HOPH]WHWÊW NmYgQ EHgOOmWDQL D WHOHIRQV]gPUD YRQDWNR]oDQ $ WHOHIRQ D ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVL MHOHW KDV]QgOMD KD HJ\ PgVLN KmYgV kUNH]LN EH D WHOHIRQMgUD /gVG D ROGDOW OkSWHVVHQ D NmYgQW ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVUH WgUROMD HO D KmYoIkO D]RQRVmWo FVHQJkVW YgODVV]D D 729È%% RSFLoW KD PgVLN EHMHJ\]kVW V]HUHWQH OkWUHKR]QL XJ\DQD]]DO D 1pY QpYYHO S . , 9È/ + . , 9È/ + 0gV 7tSXV D]RQRVmWoW NHOO KDV]QgOQL PLQGHQ HJ\HV WHOHIRQV]gP HVHWkQ 7HOHIRQNqQ\YEHMHJ\]kV EHIHMH]kVH +D EHIHMH]WH D WHOHIRQNqQ\YWkWHO DGDWDLQDN EHmUgVgW DNNRU 1\RPMD PHJ . e6= - (UHGPkQ\ WgUROMD D EHgOOmWgVW 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 100 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 3, 1NoG WgUROgVD D WHOHIRQV]gPPDO 7gUROKDW 3, 1NoGRW WHOHIRQV]gPPDO HJ\sWW RO\DQ KmYgVRNKR] DPHO\HN WRYgEEL V]gPRN WgUFVg]gVgW LJkQ\OLN SkOGgXO KmYoNgUW\gV KmYgVRNKR] YDJ\ KDQJs]HQHWHN YDJ\ s]HQHWUqJ]mWÊN s]HQHWHLQHN OHNkUGH]kVkKH] 6]rUMRQ EH HJ\HW YDJ\ WqEEHW D] DOgEEL NDUDNWHUHNEÊO D WgUFVg]gVL V]gPVRUR]DWED KRJ\ D WHOHIRQ D KHO\HV V]gPRW WgUFVg]]D D NDSFVRODW OkWUHKR]gVgKR] 1\RPMD PHJ M !6]~UMRQ EH V]QHWHW (UHGPkQ\ S V]sQHW NDUDNWHU EHLOOHV]WkVH $ WHOHIRQ WgUFVg]]D D] HOVÊ QkKgQ\ V]gPMHJ\HW PDMG PHJYgUMD D KmYgV OkWUHMqWWkW H]XWgQ HONsOGL D WqEEL V]gPMHJ\HW LV Z YgUDNR]gV NDUDNWHU EHLOOHV]WkVH $ WHOHIRQ WgUFVg]]D D] HOVÊ QkKgQ\ V]gPMHJ\HW PHJYgUMD D KmYgV OkWUHMqWWkW NkUL D] qQ MoYgKDJ\gVgW PDMG HONsOGL D WqEEL V]gPMHJ\HW LV Q V]gP NDUDNWHU EHLOOHV]WkVH $ WgUFVg]gV HOÊWW D WHOHIRQ EHNkU HJ\ V]gPRW $ EHmUW V]gP D WgUFVg]gVL VRUUHQGEH NHUsO D] Q NDUDNWHU KHO\kUH M !Q %HV]~UiVD 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 101 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 0HJMHJ\]kVHN w $ WHOHIRQEDQ WgUROW EHMHJ\]kVKH] PD[LPXP V]gPMHJ\EÊO gOOo V]gPRW mUKDW EH $ 6, 0NgUW\gQ WgUROW EHMHJ\]kVHNKH] PHJDGKDWo V]gPMHJ\HN PD[LPgOLV V]gPD HWWÊO HOWkUKHW 0LQGHQ NDUDNWHU HJ\ V]gPMHJ\QHN V]gPmW w 1HP WgUROKDW RO\DQ WgUFVg]gVL V]gPVRUW DPHO\ D Z YDJ\ D] Q NDUDNWHUW WDUWDOPD]]D D 6, 0NgUW\gQ +DQJD]RQRVmWo IHOYkWHOH D WHOHIRQNqQ\YWkWHOKH] +DQJD]RQRVmWoW rM YDJ\ PHJOkYÊ WHOHIRQNqQ\Y EHMHJ\]kV V]gPgUD YHKHW IHO $ KDQJD]RQRVmWo KDV]QgODWgYDO IHOKmYKDW HJ\ WHOHIRQNqQ\YEHMHJ\]kVW KDQJWgUFVg]gVVDO OgVG D ROGDOW 7LSS $ IHOYkWHOW FVHQGHV NqUQ\H]HWEHQ NHOO HONkV]mWHQL $ WHOHIRQW NE FPUH WDUWVD D V]gMgWoO kV QRUPgO KDQJHUÊYHO EHV]kOMHQ Nq]YHWOHQsO D WHOHIRQED 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 7HJ\H H]W 1\RPMD PHJ D S JRPERW 1\RPMD PHJ 0(*1<, 7 + 6=(5. + M > 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y 1\RPMD PHJ 1\RPMD PHJ D S JRPERW (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D EHMHJ\]kVUH D EHMHJ\]kV UkV]OHWHV DGDWDLQDN PHJWHNLQWkVH V]HUNHVV]H D EHMHJ\]kVW OkSWHVVHQ LGH +DQJD]RQRVtWy 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 102 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 7HJ\H H]W 1\RPMD PHJ )(/9(6= + (UHGPkQ\ NH]GMH PHJ D IHOYkWHOW KDQJD]RQRVmWo IHOYkWHOH 1\RPMD OH PDMG HQJHGMH IHO D EHV]kG JRPERW PDMG PRQGMD NL D EHMHJ\]kVKH] WDUWR]o KDQJD]RQRVmWoW NkW PgVRGSHUF DODWW 1\RPMD PHJ kV HQJHGMH IHO D KDQJJRPERW PDMG LVPkWHOMH PHJ D QHYHW 1\RPMD PHJ . e6= - D KDQJD]RQRVmWo QHYkQHN PHJHUÊVmWkVH WgUROMD D KDQJD]RQRVmWo QHYkW 7HOHIRQNqQ\YEHMHJ\]kV WgUFVg]gVD $ NqYHWNH]Ê HOMgUgVRN HJ\LNkYHO IHOKmYKDW HJ\ D WHOHIRQNqQ\YEHQ WgUROW V]gPRW YDJ\ V]qYHJHV s]HQHWHW NsOGKHW HJ\ HPDLO FmPUH 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 103 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y OLVWD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ ELOOHQW\Ø]HW EHWØMH S N M > 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y (UHGPkQ\ XJUgV D] LO\HQ EHWØYHO NH]GÊGÊ EHMHJ\]kVHNKH] RSFLRQgOLV OkSWHVVHQ D EHMHJ\]kVUH KmYgV NH]GHPkQ\H]kVH +DQJWgUFVg]gV 7HJ\H H]W 1\RPMD OH PDMG HQJHGMH IHO D EHV]kG JRPERW PDMG PRQGMD NL D EHMHJ\]kVKH] WDUWR]o KDQJD]RQRVmWoW NkW PgVRGSHUF DODWW (UHGPkQ\ KmYgV NH]GHPkQ\H]kVH $ WHOHIRQNqQ\YEHMHJ\]kV WgUFVg]gVgKR] OgVG D ROGDOW $ EHMHJ\]kVHN HJ\ Q\RPoJRPERV KmYgVgKR] OgVG D ROGDOW 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 104 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 7HOHIRQNqQ\YEHMHJ\]kV V]HUNHV]WkVH 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S 0(*1<, 7 + 6=(5. + M > 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D EHMHJ\]kVUH D EHMHJ\]kV UkV]OHWHV DGDWDLQDN PHJWHNLQWkVH V]HUNHVV]H D EHMHJ\]kVW 6]HUNHVV]H D EHMHJ\]kVW D ROGDORQ OHmUWDN V]HULQW 7HOHIRQNqQ\YEHMHJ\]kV WqUOkVH 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S M S . , 9È/ + , *(1 M > 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y PHQW (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D EHMHJ\]kVUH Q\LVVD PHJ D 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y PHQ OkSWHVVHQ LGH 7|UOpV YgODVV]D H]W 7|UOpV HUÊVmWVH PHJ D WqUOkVL V]gQGkNgW $ WHOHIRQNqQ\YOLVWD UHQGH]kVH /HKHWÊVkJH YDQ D WHOHIRQNqQ\YOLVWD QkY J\RUVKmYo V]gP KDQJD]RQRVmWo YDJ\ HPDLO FmP DODSMgQ WqUWkQÊ UHQGH]kVkUH 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 105 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 0HJMHJ\]kV $ KDQJD]RQRVmWo DODSMgQ WqUWkQÊ UHQGH]kV D]RQRV D QkY DODSMgQ WqUWkQÊ UHQGH]kVVHO D]]DO D NsOqQEVkJJHO KRJ\ D KDQJD]RQRVmWoYDO UHQGHONH]Ê WkWHOHN HOVÊNkQW MHOHQQHN PHJ 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ M S . , 9È/ + M > 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y PHQW (UHGPkQ\ Q\LVVD PHJ D 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y PHQ S 0Ï'26Ë7 + S . , 9È/ + OkSWHVVHQ LGH %HiOOtWiV YgODVV]D H]W %HiOOtWiV OkSWHVVHQ LGH 5HQGH]pV PyGMD YgODVV]D H]W 5HQGH]pV PyGMD OkSWHVVHQ LGH 1pY *\RUVV]iP +DQJD]RQRVtWy YDJ\(PDLO YgODVV]D NL D UHQGH]kVL VRUUHQGHW +D D *\RUVV]iP RSFLoW LOOHWYH D +DQJD]RQRVtWy YDJ\ D (PDLO RSFLoW YgODV]WMD DNNRU D] HOMgUgVW EHIHMH]KHWL +D D 1pY RSFLoW YgODV]WMD DNNRU PHJ NHOO DGQLD KRJ\ D] qVV]HV V]gPRW LOOHWYH FVDN D QkYKH] WDUWR]o HOVÊGOHJHV V]gPRW V]HUHWQkH PHJMHOHQmWHQL 1\RPMD PHJ 0Ï'26Ë7 + S (UHGPkQ\ PHJMHOHQmWkVL EHgOOmWgV PoGRVmWgVD OkSWHVVHQ LGH (OVvGOHJHV NDSFVRODWRN YDJ\ LGH 0LQGHQ EHMHJ\]pV 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 106 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ . , 9È/ + . e6= - (UHGPkQ\ YgODVV]D NL D PHJMHOHQmWkVL EHgOOmWgVW gOOmWVD EH D PHJMHOHQmWkVL EHgOOmWgVW $ EHMHJ\]kV HOVÊGOHJHV WHOHIRQV]gPgQDN EHgOOmWgVgKR] OgVG D NqYHWNH]Ê HOMgUgVW 7LSS +D D WHOHIRQNqQ\Y OLVWgMD FVDN D] HOVÊGOHJHV V]gPRNDW MHOHQmWL PHJ DNNRU UgOkSKHW HJ\ QkYUH kV PHJQ\RPKDWMD D S JRPERW EDOUD YDJ\ MREEUD D QkYKH] WDUWR]o WqEEL V]gP PHJWHNLQWkVkKH] $ WHOHIRQNqQ\YEHMHJ\]kV HOVÊGOHJHV V]gPgQDN EHgOOmWgVD +D WqEE WHOHIRQV]gPRW mU EH XJ\DQDKKR] D QkYKH] DNNRU H]HN Nq]sO HJ\HW HOVÊGOHJHV V]gPNkQW gOOmWKDW EH 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S M S M > 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y PHQW (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D EHMHJ\]kVUH Q\LVVD PHJ D 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y PHQ OkSWHVVHQ LGH (OVvGOHJHV PHJDGiVD . , 9È/ + YgODVV]D H]W (OVvGOHJHV PHJDGiVD 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 107 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ S . , 9È/ + (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ DUUD D V]gPUD DPHO\HW HOVÊGOHJHV V]gPNkQW V]HUHWQH EHgOOmWDQL HOVÊGOHJHV V]gP EHmUgVD $ WHOHIRQNqQ\YOLVWD UHQGH]kVL PoGMgWoO IsJJÊHQ YDJ\ D] HOVÊGOHJHV V]gP MHOHQLN PHJ HOVÊNkQW YDJ\ FVDN H] D V]gP MHOHQLN PHJ D] DGRWW WHOHIRQNqQ\YEHMHJ\]kV NLNHUHVkVH HVHWkQ /gVG D ROGDOW %HMHJ\]kVHN PgVROgVD D WHOHIRQ kV D 6, 0NgUW\D Nq]qWW (J\ WkWHO PgVROgVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S M S . , 9È/ + M > 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y 0HJMHJ\]kV (]HN D] HOMgUgVRN QHP WqUOLN D] HUHGHWL EHMHJ\]kVHNHW PHQW (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D EHMHJ\]kVUH Q\LVVD PHJ D 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y PHQ OkSWHVVHQ LGH 7pWHO PiVROiVD YgODVV]D H]W 7pWHO PiVROiVD $ WHOHIRQ D NqYHWNH]Ê OHKHWVkJHV J\RUVKmYo V]gPRW MHOHQmWL PHJ 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 108 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL (UHGPkQ\ V]HUNHVV]H D J\RUVKmYo V]gPRW 7LSS UMRQ EH HJ\ J\RUVKmYo V]gPRW kV Nq]qWW D EHMHJ\]kV WHOHIRQED WqUWkQÊ PgVROgVgKR] UMD EH D] HV YDJ\ HQQkO QDJ\REE V]gPRW D EHMHJ\]kVQHN D 6, 0 NgUW\gUD WqUWkQÊ PgVROgVgKR] PgVROMD EH D EHMHJ\]kVW D] rM J\RUVKmYoV]gP SR]mFLoED 2. + 7qEE EHMHJ\]kV PgVROgVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ M S . , 9È/ + M > 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y PHQW (UHGPkQ\ Q\LVVD PHJ D 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y PHQ S 0Ï'26Ë7 + OkSWHVVHQ LGH 7pWHOHN PiVROiVD YgODVV]D H]W 7pWHOHN PiVROiVD OkSWHVVHQ LGH +RQQDQ HOHMH YgODVV]D H]W +RQQDQ HOHMH 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 109 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL 2. + S 0Ï'26Ë7 + ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL 2. + S 0Ï'26Ë7 + ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL (UHGPkQ\ mUMD EH D] HOVÊ OHJNLVHEE J\RUVKmYo V]gPRW D PgVRODQGo V]gPRN WDUWRPgQ\gEoO WgUROMD D V]gPRW OkSWHVVHQ LGH +RQQDQ YpJH YgODVV]D H]W +RQQDQ YpJH mUMD EH D] XWROVo OHJQDJ\REE J\RUVKmYo V]gPRW D PgVRODQGo V]gPRN WDUWRPgQ\gEoO WgUROMD D V]gPRW OkSWHVVHQ LGH 0iVROiV LGH NH]GHW YgODVV]D H]W 0iVROiV LGH NH]GHW mUMD EH D] HOVÊ OHJNLVHEE J\RUVKmYo V]gPRW D WkWHO rM KHO\kUH YRQDWNR]oDQ 7LSS UMRQ EH HJ\ J\RUVKmYo V]gPRW kV Nq]qWW D EHMHJ\]kVHN WHOHIRQED WqUWkQÊ PgVROgVgKR] UMD EH D] HV YDJ\ HQQkO QDJ\REE V]gPRW D EHMHJ\]kVHN 6, 0NgUW\gUD WqUWkQÊ PgVROgVgKR] WgUROMD D V]gPRW PgVROMD gW D EHMHJ\]kVHNHW 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD 2. + . e6= - UG. GSM. book Page 110 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $ WHOHIRQNqQ\Y NDSDFLWgVgQDN HOOHQÊU]kVH (OOHQÊUL]KHWL KRJ\ PHNNRUD V]DEDG WgUNDSDFLWgV gOO UHQGHONH]kVUH D WHOHIRQEDQ D WHOHIRQNqQ\Y kV D QDSWgU EHMHJ\]kVHLQHN WgUROgVgUD kV KgQ\ WHOHIRQNqQ\Y EHMHJ\]kVW WgUROKDW PkJ D 6, 0NgUW\gQ 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ M S . , 9È/ + M > 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y PHQW (UHGPkQ\ Q\LVVD PHJ D 7HOHIRQN|Q\Y PHQ OkSWHVVHQ LGH 7HOHIRQNDSDFLWiV YDJ\ 6, 0NDSDFLWiV YgODVV]D H]W 7HOHIRQNDSDFLWiV YDJ\ 6, 0NDSDFLWiV $ WHOHIRQ NLMHO]ÊMkQ PHJMHOHQLN D PHPoULDPkUÊ YDJ\ D 6, 0 NgUW\gQ PkJ V]DEDG WHOHIRQWkWHOHN V]gPD 6]LQNURQL]gOgV D 7UXH6\QF V]RIWYHUUHO $ NsOqQ UHQGHOKHWÊ 0RWRUROD WHUPkNNHO D 6WDUILVK 7UXH6\QFz V]RIWYHUUHO OHKHWÊVkJH YDQ D WHOHIRQNqQ\Y WkWHOHLQHN D WHOHIRQ kV D V]gPmWoJkS YDJ\ HJ\kE Nk]L HV]Nq] Nq]qWWL V]LQNURQL]gOgVgUD 7RYgEEL LQIRUPgFLoNkUW OgVG D 7UXH6\QF IHOKDV]QgOoL rWPXWDWoMgW 0HJMHJ\]kV $ 7UXH6\QF EL]WRVmWMD D V]LQNURQL]gOgVW V]gPRV Nq]NHGYHOW 6]HPkO\L , QIRUPgFLo . H]HOÊ 3, 0 V]RIWYHUUHO kV KDUGYHUWHUPkNNHO 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 111 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $] HJ\ JRPEQ\RPgVRV WgUFVg]gVRN EHgOOmWgVD %HgOOmWKDWMD D] HJ\ JRPEQ\RPgVRV IXQNFLoW DPHOO\HO NqQQ\HGkQ WgUFVg]KDWMD D WHOHIRQPHPoULgEDQ LOOHWYH D 6, 0NgUW\gQ OkYÊ WHOHIRQNqQ\Y EHMHJ\]kVHLW 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S 0Ï'26Ë7 + S . , 9È/ + M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN > *\iUL EHiOOtWiVRN (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ LGH *\RUVWiUFVi]iV YgODVV]D H]W *\RUVWiUFVi]iV OkSWHVVHQ D NmYgQW OLVWgUD YgODVV]D NL D OLVWgW 7HOHIRQNqQ\Y EHgOOmWgVD UG. GSM. book Page 112 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD $ PHQsN WHVWUHV]DEgVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S 0(*)2* + S %(6=Ò5 + WUHQGH]KHWL D WHOHIRQ IÊPHQsMkQHN PHQsSRQWMDLW M > %HiOOtWiVRN > 7HVWUHV]DEiV > )vPHQ (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D PHQsSRQWUD MHOqOMH NL D PHQsSRQWRW PR]JDVVD D PHQsSRQWRW HJ\ KHO\UH D PHQsEHQ V]rUMD EH D PHQsSRQWRW $ WHOHIRQ FVHQJHWkVVHO YDJ\ UH]JkVVHO MHO]L D EHMqYÊ KmYgVW LOOHWYH D] HJ\kE HVHPkQ\HNHW $ FVHQJHWkVW YDJ\ UH]JkVW ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVQHN QHYH]]sN eVV]HVHQ qW NsOqQEq]Ê FVHQJHWkVL VWmOXV Nq]sO YgODV]WKDW &VHQJHWkVL VWmOXV EHgOOmWgVD w y t KDQJRV FVHQJkV UH]JkV FVHQGHV x u KDON FVHQJkV FVHQJkV kV UH]JkV $ FVHQJkVL VWmOXV MHO]Ê D] DNWXgOLV FVHQJkVL VWmOXVW MHO]L D NkSHUQ\ÊQ OgVG ROGDO $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 113 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 0LQGHQ FVHQJkVL VWmOXV NsOqQEq]Ê EHgOOmWgVRNDW WDUWDOPD] D] HVHPkQ\ILJ\HOPH]WHWÊNUH D KmYoIkO D]RQRVmWoUD D FVHQJkVL kV D ELOOHQW\Ø]HW KDQJHUHMkUH &VHQJHWkVL VWmOXV NLYgODV]WgVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S . , 9È/ + M > &VHQJ5H]HJ > 6WtOXV (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D FVHQJHWkVL VWmOXVUD YgODVV]D NL D FVHQJHWkVL VWmOXVW &VHQJHWkVL VWmOXV WHVWUHV]DEgVD 6WmOXVEHgOOmWgVRN PoGRVmWgVD 0oGRVmWKDWMD D]RNDW D ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVHNHW DPHO\HN D NqYHWNH]Ê HVHPkQ\HNUH KmYMgN IHO D ILJ\HOPHW EHMqYÊ KmYgVRNUD V]qYHJHV s]HQHWHNUH KDQJSRVWD s]HQHWHNUH DGDWKmYgVRNUD ID[KmYgVRNUD ULDV]WgVRNUD kV D] HPOkNH]WHWÊNUH $ YkJUHKDMWRWW PoGRVmWgVRN D] DNWXgOLV FVHQJHWkVL VWmOXVW YgOWR]WDWMgN PHJ 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > &VHQJ5H]HJ > )LJ\HOPH]WHWkV UpV]OHWHL 0HJMHJ\]kV $ 6WmOXV D] DNWXgOLV FVHQJHWkVL VWmOXVW PXWDWMD 1\RPMD PHJ S 0Ï'26Ë7 + (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D] HVHPkQ\UH YgODVV]D NL D] HVHPkQ\W $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 114 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ S . , 9È/ + (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D NmYgQW ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVUH YgODVV]D NL D ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVW +mYoIkOD]RQRVmWoN HQJHGkO\H]kVH kV OHWLOWgVD +D D KmYoIkOD]RQRVmWo EH YDQ NDSFVROYD DNNRU D WHOHIRQ PHJNsOqQEq]WHWHWW FVHQJHWkVL MHOW KDV]QgO D EHMqYÊ KmYgVRN YDJ\ s]HQHWHN MHO]kVkUH KD D]RN D WHOHIRQNqQ\YEHQ OkYÊ PHJKDWgUR]RWW V]HPkO\HNWÊO kUNH]QHN $ KmYoIkOD]RQRVmWoN DGRWW WHOHIRQNqQ\ EHMHJ\]kVKH] WqUWkQÊ IHOYkWHOkKH] OgVG D ROGDOW 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > &VHQJ5H]HJ > )LJ\HOPH]WHWkV UpV]OHWHL 0HJMHJ\]kV $ 6WmOXV D] DNWXgOLV FVHQJHWkVL VWmOXVW PXWDWMD 1\RPMD PHJ S 0Ï'26Ë7 + S . , 9È/ + (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ LGH &VHQJHWpVL D]RQRVtWyN PoGRVmWMD D KmYoIkO D]RQRVmWo EHgOOmWgVW OkSWHVVHQ LGH %H YDJ\ . L YgODVV]D NL D PHQsSRQWRW $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 115 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $ FVHQJHWkV kV D ELOOHQW\Ù]HW KDQJHUHMkQHN EHgOOmWgVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > &VHQJ5H]HJ > )LJ\HOPH]WHWkV UpV]OHWHL 0HJMHJ\]kV $ 6WmOXV D] DNWXgOLV FVHQJHWkVL VWmOXVW PXWDWMD 1\RPMD PHJ S S EDOUD YDJ\ MREEUD 2. + (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ LGH &VHQJHWpVL KDQJHUv YDJ\ LGH %LOOHQW\~KDQJHUv OkSWHVVHQ D NmYgQW KDQJHUÊUH HUÊVmWVH PHJ D] rM KDQJHUÊW )LJ\HOPH]WHWkVL KDQJRN OkWUHKR]gVD $ WHOHIRQEDQ qVV]HVHQ HJ\HGL ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVL KDQJRW KR]KDW OkWUH kV WgUROKDW $ KDQJRN D UHQGHONH]kVUH gOOo ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVHN OLVWgMgEDQ MHOHQQHN PHJ +DQJ OkWUHKR]gVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S . , 9È/ + 0Ï'26Ë7 + M > &VHQJ5H]HJ > 6DMiW KDQJRN (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ LGH >ÒM KDQJ@ YgODVV]D H]W >ÒM KDQJ@ YgODVV]D H]W . RWWD $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 116 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL 2. + 0Ï'26Ë7 + ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL 2. + . e6= + (UHGPkQ\ mUMD EH D KDQJMHJ\HNHW OgVG OHMMHEE WgUROMD D KDQJMHJ\HNHW YgODVV]D H]W 1pY mUMD EH D KDQJ QHYkW WgUROMD HO D QHYHW WgUROMD HO D KDQJRW +DQJMHJ\HN EHmUgVD M KDQJ OkWUHKR]gVgKR] D ELOOHQW\Ø]HWUÊO mUKDWMD EH D KDQJRNDW 0LQGHJ\LN KDQJKR] PHJ NHOO DGQLD D] RNWgYRW H] QHP NqWHOH]Ê D KDQJ PDJDVVgJgW D KDQJ KRVV]gW kV D KRVV]PoGRVmWoW H] XWoEEL VHP NqWHOH]Ê (J\ JRPE WqEEV]qUL PHJQ\RPgVgYDO gWQk]KHWL D UHQGHONH]kVUH gOOo OHKHWÊVkJHNHW PDMG mUMD EH D V]sNVkJHV NDUDNWHUW D NqYHWNH]Ê OLVWgEDQ OgWKDWo OHmUgVgQDN PHJIHOHOÊHQ 2NWgY M KDQJKR] DODSkUWHOPH]kV V]HULQW D QHJ\HGLN RNWgY WDUWR]LN Gomb 0 Kijelzõ /HmUgV mUMD EH D NDUDNWHUW PDMG HJ\ V]gPRW kV Nq]qWW D] RNWgY PHJDGgVgKR] $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 117 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM +DQJMHJ\HN kV V]sQHWMHOHN Gomb 0 2 Kijelzõ D E F 3 G H I 4 7 J U /HmUgV IHOHPHOW OHV]gOOmWRWW $ KDQJMHJ\ % KDQJMHJ\ & KDQJMHJ\ ' KDQJMHJ\ ( KDQJMHJ\ ) KDQJMHJ\ * KDQJMHJ\ V]sQHW +RVV]DN kV PoGRVmWoN Gomb 0 1 2 3 4 5 1 Kijelzõ /HmUgV HJkV] KDQJMHJ\ IkO KDQJMHJ\ QHJ\HG KDQJMHJ\ Q\ROFDG KDQJMHJ\ WL]HQKDWRG KDQJMHJ\ KDQJMHJ\ SRQWR]RWW KDQJMHJ\ NHWWÊV SRQWR]RWW KDQJMHJ\ KRVV]rVgJr KDQJMHJ\ $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 118 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM , VPkWOË NDUDNWHUHN Gomb 9 Kijelzõ , és # /HmUgV 7HJ\H ]gUoMHOHN Nq]k D PHJLVPkWOHQGÊ KDQJMHJ\VRUR]DWRW $ KDQJMHJ\VRUR]DW XWgQ mUMD EH D # NDUDNWHUW PDMG D] LVPkWOkVHN V]gPgW +DQJMHJ\VRUR]DW NkV]mWkVH 7HJ\H H]W $GMD PHJ D] RNWgYRW QHP NqWHOH]Ê 0ÙYHOHW $GMD PHJ D] RNWgYRW kV Nq]qWW D KDQJMHJ\ PHJDGgVD HOÊWW $] rM RNWgY kUYkQ\HVVk YgOLN D PHJDGRWW KDQJMHJ\UH kV PLQGHQ WRYgEEL KDQJMHJ\UH YRQDWNR]oDQ DPmJ PHJ QHP YgOWR]WDWMD UMD EH D IHOHPHOW YDJ\ OHV]gOOmWRWW KDQJMHJ\QHN PHJIHOHOÊ NDUDNWHUW YDJ\ D KDQJMHJ\ NLYgODV]WgVD HOÊWW $PHQQ\LEHQ V]sNVkJHV DGMD PHJ KRJ\ IHOHPHOW YDJ\ OHV]gOOmWRWW OHJ\HQH D KDQJ +DQJMHJ\ NLYgODV]WgVD NqWHOH]Ê 1\RPMRQ PHJ HJ\ JRPERW D ELOOHQW\Ø]HWHQ $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 119 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 7HJ\H H]W $GMD PHJ D KDQJMHJ\ KRVV]gW NqWHOH]Ê +RVV] PoGRVmWgVD QHP NqWHOH]Ê 0ÙYHOHW $GMD PHJ D KRVV]W kV Nq]qWW PLXWgQ NLYgODV]WRWWD D KDQJMHJ\HW +D QHP DGMD PHJ D KRVV]W DNNRU D KDQJMHJ\ KRVV]D QHJ\HG KDQJ OHV] UMRQ EH HJ\ KRVV]PoGRVmWo NDUDNWHUW YDJ\ PLXWgQ PHJDGWD D KRVV]W +DQJMHJ\ OkWUHKR]gVDNRU D NqYHWNH]Ê IHODGDWRNDW KDMWKDWMD YkJUH )HODGDW 6]sQHWMHO EHmUgVD 0ÙYHOHW 6]sNVkJ V]HULQW V]rUMRQ EH V]sQHWHNHW U NDUDNWHUHN D KDQJMHJ\HN Nq]k $GMD PHJ D V]sQHW KRVV]gW kV Nq]qWW PLXWgQ EHmUWD D V]sQHWMHOHW SRQWRVDQ rJ\ PLQW HJ\ KDQJMHJ\QkO 7HJ\H kV ]gUoMHOHN Nq]k D FVRSRUWED IRJODODQGo KDQJMHJ\VRUR]DWRW $ KDQJMHJ\VRUR]DW XWgQ mUMD EH D # NDUDNWHUW PDMG D] LVPkWOkVHN V]gPgW +DQJMHJ\VR UR]DW LVPkW OkVH $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 120 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM )HODGDW M KDQJMHJ\HN PHJKDOOJDWgVD V]HUNHV]WkV Nq]EHQ 0ÙYHOHW 1\RPMD PHJ D] M JRPERW D 6]HUNHV]WpV PHQ PHQsEH WqUWkQÊ EHOkSkVKH] PDMG YgODVV]D D gVV]HV OHMiWV]iVD RSFLoW D EHmUW KDQJMHJ\HN OHMgWV]gVgKR] 3kOGD 1\RPMD OH D] DOgEEL JRPERNDW KRJ\ OkWUHKR]]D D RNWgYEHOL KDQJMHJ\HN kV V]sQHWHN NqYHWNH]Ê VRUR]DWgW & QHJ\HG KDQJ ( IkOKDQJJDO OHV]gOOmWYD QHJ\HG KDQJ IkO V]sQHW kV * HJkV] KDQJ 1\RPMD PHJ 0033 33 222 2222 0000 33 2222 (UHGPkQ\ RNWgY EHgOOmWgVD & KDQJMHJ\ EHmUgVD D KDQJMHJ\ QHJ\HG KRVV]UD YDOo EHgOOmWgVD D OHV]gOOmWgV MHOkQHN EHmUgVD D OHV]gOOmWRWW ( KDQJMHJ\ EHmUgVD D KDQJMHJ\ QHJ\HG KRVV]UD YDOo EHgOOmWgVD Kijelzõ F H $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 121 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ 7 1 4 0 (UHGPkQ\ V]sQHWMHO EHmUgVD D V]sQHWMHO IkO KRVV]UD YDOo EHgOOmWgVD * KDQJMHJ\ EHmUgVD D KDQJMHJ\ HJkV] KRVV]UD YDOo EHgOOmWgVD Kijelzõ U J +DQJMHJ\ OHMgWV]gVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S M S . , 9È/ + /(-È76= + YDJ\ 0e*6( M > &VHQJ5H]HJ > 6DMiW KDQJRN (UHGPkQ\ /kSWHVVHQ D KDQJUD Q\LVVD PHJ D +DQJ 0HQ PHQsW OkSWHVVHQ LGH /HMiWV]iV YgODVV]D H]W /HMiWV]iV KDQJMHJ\ LVPkWHOW OHMgWV]gVD YLVV]DWkUkV D VDMgW GDOODPRN OLVWgED $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 122 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM +DQJMHJ\ V]HUNHV]WkVH $ WHOHIRQEDQ J\gULODJ PHJOkYÊ ILJ\HOPH]WHWÊ KDQJRNDW QHP OHKHW PoGRVmWDQL 6DMgW ILJ\HOPH]WHWÊ KDQJ V]HUNHV]WkVH 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S 6=(5. + S 0Ï'26Ë7 + ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL 2. + . e6= M > &VHQJ5H]HJ > 6DMiW KDQJRN (UHGPkQ\ /kSWHVVHQ D KDQJUD Q\LVVD PHJ D GDOODP UkV]OHWHLW OkSWHVVHQ D V]HUNHV]WHQL NmYgQW WkWHOUH 1pY YDJ\ . RWWD YgODVV]D NL D WkWHOW mUMD EH D] rM V]qYHJHW YDJ\ D GDOODPRW WgUROMD D] rM V]qYHJHW YDJ\ D GDOODPRW PHQWVH D YgOWR]WDWgVRNDW +DQJMHJ\ WqUOkVH $ WHOHIRQEDQ J\gULODJ PHJOkYÊ ILJ\HOPH]WHWÊ KDQJRNDW QHP OHKHW WqUqOQL 6DMgW ILJ\HOPH]WHWÊ KDQJ WqUOkVH 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S M > &VHQJ5H]HJ > 6DMiW KDQJRN (UHGPkQ\ /kSWHVVHQ D KDQJUD $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 123 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ M S . , 9È/ + , *(1 - (UHGPkQ\ Q\LVVD PHJ D +DQJ 0HQ PHQsW OkSWHVVHQ LGH 7|UOpV YgODVV]D H]W 7|UOpV HUÊVmWVH PHJ D WqUOkVL V]gQGkNgW 'DOODP OHWqOWkVH 6DMgW ILJ\HOPH]WHWÊ GDOODPRNDW D PLNUREqQJkV]Ê DONDOPD]gV VHJmWVkJkYHO LOOHWYH DNgU HJ\ V]qYHJHV s]HQHWEÊO LV OHWqOWKHW $ GDOODP PLNUREqQJkV]ÊYHO YDOo OHWqOWkVkKH] OgVG D ROGDOW +D D GDOODPRW V]qYHJHV s]HQHWEÊO V]HUHWQk OHWqOWHQL DNNRU OgVG D ROGDOW 'DOODPRN NsOGkVH )LJ\HOPH]WHWkVL GDOODPRNDW PgV YH]HWkN QkONsOL WHOHIRQRNUD LV NsOGKHW +D D GDOODPRW HJ\ V]qYHJHV s]HQHWEH V]HUHWQk HOKHO\H]QL DNNRU OgVG D ROGDOW (POkNH]WHWÊN EHgOOmWgVD $] HPOkNH]WHWÊ RO\DQ ILJ\HOPH]WHWkV DPHO\ PHJKDWgUR]RWW LGÊNq]qQNkQWL FVHQJHWkVVHO YDJ\ UH]JkVVHO MHO]L KDQJSRVWD V]qYHJHV YDJ\ FVHYHJkVL s]HQHW EHkUNH]kVkW 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M> &VHQJ5H]HJ > )LJ\HOPH]WHWkV UpV]OHWHL > (POpNH]WHWvN $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 124 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 0HJMHJ\]kV $ 6WmOXV D] DNWXgOLV FVHQJHWkVL VWmOXVW PXWDWMD 1\RPMD PHJ S (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D +DQJ YDJ\ D 5H]JpV PHQsSRQWUD D] HPOkNH]WHWÊ ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVL WmSXVgQDN EHgOOmWgVgKR] LOOHWYH D . L PHQsSRQWUD D] qVV]HV HPOkNH]WHWÊ NLNDSFVROgVgKR] YgODVV]D NL D] HPOkNH]WHWÊUH YRQDWNR]o ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVW . , 9È/ + $ VRIW JRPERNDW EDO - kV MREE + kV D VPDUW JRPERW gWFmPNk]KHWL KRJ\ D NkV]HQOkWL NLMHO]ÊQ PgV PHQsSRQWRN MHOHQMHQHN PHJ D IÊPHQsEHQ 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S 0Ï'26Ë7 + S . , 9È/ + M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN 6RIW JRPERN WHVWUHV]DEgVD > 7HVWUHV]DEiV > %LOOHQW\~N (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ LGH %DO -REE YDJ\ LGH , QWHOOLJHQV YgODVV]D NL D JRPERW OkSWHVVHQ D] rM JRPEIXQNFLoUD HUÊVmWVH PHJ D] rM IXQNFLoW $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 125 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM )RJDGgVL RSFLoN 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH . sOqQEq]Ê HOMgUgVRN Nq]sO YgODV]WKDWMD PHJ D EHMqYÊ KmYgVRN IRJDGgVgW M > %HiOOtWiVRN > +tYiV N|]EHQL EHiOOtW > )RJDGiVL RSFLyN +mYgVIRJDGgVL RSFLoN EH kV NLNDSFVROgVD 7|EE ELOOHQW\~V +tYiVIRJDGiV 1\LWiVUD KmYgVIRJDGgV JRPEQ\RPgVVDO KmYgVIRJDGgV D IOLS NLQ\LWgVgYDO . kSHUQ\ÊNmPkOÊ NkS EHgOOmWgVD $ WHOHIRQ NkSHUQ\ÊNmPkOÊMHNkQW NkSHW YDJ\ DQLPgFLoW DGKDW PHJ (] D NkS YDJ\ DQLPgFLo DNNRU MHOHQLN PHJ DPLNRU HJ\ EL]RQ\RV LGÊ DNWLYLWgV QkONsO WHOLN HO $ NkSHUQ\ÊNmPkOÊ NkS DPHQQ\LQH H] V]sNVkJHV D PHJIHOHOÊ PkUHWUH YgJYD MHOHQLN PHJ $] DQLPgFLo HJ\ SHUFLJ LVPkWOÊGLN H]XWgQ D] HOVÊ NkSH MHOHQLN PHJ kV PDUDG D NkSHUQ\ÊQ 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S 0Ï'26Ë7 + M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN > 7HVWUHV]DEiV > . pSHUQ\vNtPpOv (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ LGH . pS Q\LVVD PHJ D NkSQk]HJHWÊW $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 126 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ S EDOUD YDJ\ MREEUD (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D NkSUH YDJ\ DQLPgFLoUD /kSWHVVHQ D] hUHV RSFLoUD D NkSHUQ\ÊNmPkOÊ NLNDSFVROgVgKR] YgODVV]D NL D NkSHW OkSWHVVHQ LGH . pVOHOWHWpV gOOmWVD EH D YgUDNR]gVL LGÊWDUWDPRW OkSWHVVHQ DUUD D] LGÊWDUWDPUD DPHO\ XWgQ D NkSHUQ\ÊNmPkOÊW EH NmYgQMD NDSFVROQL KD QLQFV DNWLYLWgV HUÊVmWVH PHJ D] LGÊWDUWDPUD YRQDWNR]o EHgOOmWgVW PHQWVH D NkSHUQ\ÊNmPkOÊ EHgOOmWgVDLW . , 9È/ + S 0Ï'26Ë7 + S . , 9È/ + . e6= - . LMHO]Ê V]qYHJkQHN WHVWUHV]DEgVD $ WHOHIRQ EHNDSFVROgVDNRU PHJMHOHQÊ sGYq]OHW PHJYgOWR]WDWgVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN > 7HVWUHV]DEiV > hGY|]Ov V]|YHJ $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 127 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM *\RUVPHQsN OkWUHKR]gVD $ WHOHIRQMD QkKgQ\ HOÊUH EHgOOmWRWW J\RUVPHQsW WDUWDOPD] 7RYgEEL J\RUVPHQsNHW LV OkWUHKR]KDW D J\DNUDQ KDV]QgOW PHQsSRQWRNKR] %HkSmWHWW J\RUVPHQsN $ NqYHWNH]Ê J\RUVPHQsN J\gULODJ YDQQDN EHgOOmWYD D WHOHIRQEDQ (]HNHW D J\RUVPHQsNHW QHP V]HUNHV]WKHWL kV QHP WqUqOKHWL 7HJ\H H]W 1\RPMD PHJ D] M JRPERW PDMG LVPkW Q\RPMD PHJ kV WDUWVD OHQ\RPYD D] M JRPERW NkW PgVRGSHUFHQ EHOsO 1\RPMD PHJ D OHIHOk KDQJHUÊJRPERW D OHJNLVHEE KDQJHUÊLJ (UHGPkQ\ QDJ\mWgVNLFVLQ\mWkV D WHOHIRQ NLMHO]ÊMkQ 1\RPMD PHJ M# NDSFVROMRQ gW UH]JÊ PDMG FVHQGHV ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVUH $ IHOIHOk KDQJHUÊJRPE PHJQ\RPgVgYDO YLVV]DOkSKHW D UH]JÊ ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVUH PDMG D FVHQJÊ ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVUH WHOHIRQV]gP NLMHO]kVH D WgUFVg]RWW V]gPRN OLVWgMgQDN PHJMHOHQmWkVH NLOkSkV D PHQsUHQGV]HUEÊO $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD 1\RPMD PHJ N 1\RPMD PHJ O UG. GSM. book Page 128 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 7HJ\H H]W 1\RPMD OHIHOk D] S JRPERW 1\RPMD IHOIHOk D] S JRPERW (UHGPkQ\ Q\LVVD PHJ D WHOHIRQNqQ\YHW Q\LVVD PHJ D WHOHIRQNqQ\YHW kV OkSWHVVHQ LGH >ÒM EHMHJ\]pV@ *\RUVPHQs OkWUHKR]gVD (J\ PHQsSRQWKR] HJ\ J\RUVPHQs JRPERW YDODPLQW HJ\ RSFLRQgOLV KDQJSDUDQFVRV J\RUVPHQsW UHQGHOKHW $ KDQJSDUDQFVRV J\RUVPHQs Nq]YHWOHQsO D PHQsSRQWUD OkS DPLNRU qQ NLPRQGMD D J\RUVPHQs QHYkW 7LSS $ IHOYkWHOW FVHQGHV NqUQ\H]HWEHQ NHOO HONkV]mWHQL $ WHOHIRQW NE FPUH WDUWVD D V]gMgWoO kV QRUPgO KDQJHUÊYHO EHV]kOMHQ Nq]YHWOHQsO D WHOHIRQED 7HJ\H H]W 1\RPMD PHJ D] M 1\RPMD PHJ D] S 1\RPMD PHJ kV WDUWVD OHQ\RPYD D] M (UHGPkQ\ EHOkSkV D PHQsUHQGV]HUEH OkSWHVVHQ D PHQsSRQWUD D J\RUVPHQs V]HUNHV]WÊ HOLQGmWgVD D J\RUVPHQs EHgOOmWgVDLQDN PHJWHNLQWkVH 1\RPMD PHJ H]W , *(1 - $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 129 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 7HJ\H H]W 1\RPMD PHJ 0Ï'26Ë7 + (UHGPkQ\ PoGRVmWVD D JRPEQ\RPgVRV J\RUVPHQs V]gPgW YgODVV]D NL D] DODSkUWHOPH]HWW V]gPRW OkSWHVVHQ D +DQJ PHQsSRQWUD HJ\ KDQJSDUDQFVRV J\RUVPHQs KR]]gUHQGHOkVkKH] NH]GMH PHJ D IHOYkWHOW YHJ\H IHO D J\RUVPHQs QHYkW YDJ\ 1\RPMD PHJ . e6= - YDJ\ 1\RPMD PHJ D] S 1\RPMD PHJ )(/9(6= + 1\RPMD OH PDMG HQJHGMH IHO D EHV]kG JRPERW PDMG PRQGMD NL D J\RUVPHQsKq] WDUWR]o KDQJD]RQRVmWoW NkW PgVRGSHUF DODWW 1\RPMD PHJ kV HQJHGMH IHO D KDQJJRPERW PDMG LVPkWHOMH PHJ D QHYHW 1\RPMDPHJ H]W . e6= - HUÊVmWVH PHJ D J\RUVPHQs QHYkW WgUROMD D J\RUVPHQs QHYkW $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 130 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM *RPEKR] UHQGHOW J\RUVPHQs KDV]QgODWD 1\RPMD PHJ M D JRPEQ\RPgVRV J\RUVPHQs V]gPD (UHGPkQ\ Q\LVVD PHJ D PHQsW PHQsSRQW NLYgODV]WgVD YDJ\ PØYHOHW YkJUHKDMWgVD *\RUVPHQs NLYgODV]WgVD D OLVWgEoO 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > *\RUVPHQN > D NmYgQW J\RUVPHQs +DQJSDUDQFVRV J\RUVPHQs KDV]QgODWD 7HJ\H H]W 1\RPMD PHJ D] M (UHGPkQ\ Q\LVVD PHJ D PHQsW 1\RPMD OH PDMG PHQsSRQW HQJHGMH IHO D NLYgODV]WgVD YDJ\ EHV]kG JRPERW PØYHOHW YkJUHKDMWgVD PDMG PRQGMD NL D J\RUVPHQsKq] WDUWR]o KDQJD]RQRVmWoW NkW PgVRGSHUF DODWW $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 131 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM *\RUVPHQs V]HUNHV]WkVH YDJ\ WqUOkVH $ J\RUVPHQsN OLVWgMD JRPERN V]HULQW YDQ UHQGH]YH +D PHJYgOWR]WDWMD HJ\ J\RUVPHQs JRPEMgW DNNRU H]]HO D OLVWgEDQ OkYÊ KHO\H LV YgOWR]LN 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S M M > *\RUVPHQN (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D J\RUVPHQsUH Q\LVVD PHJ D *\RUVPHQ OLVWD PHQsW DPHO\EHQ D] DOgEEL OLVWgEDQ IHOVRUROW PØYHOHWHNHW KDMWKDWMD YkJH $ *\RUVPHQ OLVWD PHQs D NqYHWNH]Ê PHQsSRQWRNDW WDUWDOPD]]D 0HQsSRQW 6]HUNHV]WpV /LVWD iWUHQGH]pVH 7|UOpV gVV]HV W|UOpVH /HmUgV $ J\RUVPHQs V]HUNHV]WkVH 0HJMHJ\]kV 9gODVV]D H]W D] RSFLoW D WgUVmWRWW KDQJSDUDQFVRV J\RUVPHQs WqUOkVkKH] $ J\RUVPHQsN OLVWgMgEDQ D UHQGH]kV PoGRVmWgVD *\RUVPHQs WqUOkVH $] qVV]HV J\RUVPHQs WqUOkVH $ WHOHIRQ EHgOOmWgVDLQDN WHVWUHV]DEgVD UG. GSM. book Page 132 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD 7gUFVg]gVL OHKHWÊVkJHN )L[ KmYgV +D EHNDSFVROMD D IL[ KmYgVW D IHOKDV]QgOoN FVDN D IL[ KmYgVL OLVWgEDQ WgUROW V]gPRNDW KmYKDWMgN (]]HO D OHKHWÊVkJJHO D NLPHQÊ KmYgVRNDW D] HOÊUH PHJDGRWW OLVWgEDQ IHOVRUROW V]gPRNUD RUV]gJNoGRNUD WHUsOHWL NoGRNUD kV PgV KmYgVL HOÊWDJRNUD NRUOgWR]KDWMD $ IL[ KmYgV EH YDJ\ NLNDSFVROgVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 7HJ\H H]W ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL 2. + S . , 9È/ + M > %HiOOtWiVRN > %L]WRQViJ > )L[ KtYiV (UHGPkQ\ mUMD EH D 6, 0 3, 1 NoGMgW Q\LVVD PHJ D IL[ KmYgVRN PHQsMkW OkSWHVVHQ LGH %H YDJ\ . L YgODVV]D D %H YDJ\ D . L PHQSRQWRW $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 133 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $ IL[ KmYoV]gPRN OLVWgMgQDN KDV]QgODWD $ IL[ KmYoV]gPRN OLVWgMgQDN PHJQ\LWgVgKR] EH NHOO NDSFVROQLD D IL[ KmYgVW OgVG IHQW 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > )L[ KtYiV $ IL[ KmYgVL EHMHJ\]kVHNHW XJ\DQrJ\ KR]KDWMD OkWUH V]HUNHV]WKHWL WqUqOKHWL kV UHQGH]KHWL VRUED PLQW D WHOHIRQNqQ\Y EHMHJ\]kVHLW $ IL[ KmYoV]gPRN OLVWgMgEDQ OkYÊ V]gPRN D 6, 0NgUW\gQ WgUROoGQDN kV QHP UHQGHONH]QHN D 7tSXV LOOHWYH D +DQJD]RQRVtWy PH]ÊNNHO 6]HUYL]KmYgV 7gUFVg]]D D 6, 0NgUW\gUD HOÊUH EHSURJUDPR]RWW WHOHIRQV]gPRNDW (ONkS]HOKHWÊ KRJ\ D V]ROJgOWDWo EHmUWD D 6, 0NgUW\gED D] RO\DQ V]ROJgOWDWoN V]ROJgOWDWgVRN WHOHIRQV]gPDLW PLQW D WD[LYgOODODWRN kWWHUPHN YDJ\ NoUKg]DN 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > 6]HUYL]KtYiV *\RUVWgUFVg]gV 7gUFVg]]D D WHOHIRQED HOÊ]HWHVHQ EHSURJUDPR]RWW V]gPRNDW (ONkS]HOKHWÊ KRJ\ D V]ROJgOWDWo D WHOHIRQED PgU EHmUW HJ\ YDJ\ WqEE J\RUVV]gPRW SkOGgXO D YHYÊV]ROJgODW KmYoV]gPgW 0HJMHJ\]kV $ V]ROJgOWDWo PgVNkSSHQ LV HOQHYH]KHWL H]W D V]ROJgOWDWgVW $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 134 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $ J\RUVWgUFVg]gVL OLVWD PHJQ\LWgVD kV HJ\ V]gP WgUFVg]gVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > *\RUVWiUFVi]iV $ J\RUVWgUFVg]gVL OLVWD V]HUNHV]WkVH M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN > 7HVWUHV]DEiV > *\RUVWiUFVi]iV '70)KDQJRN NsOGkVH $ WHOHIRQ NkSHV V]gPRNDW NsOGHQL D KgOo]DWRQ gW NkW KDQJEoO gOOo PXOWLIUHNYHQFLgV '70) KDQJRN IRUPgMgEDQ '70)KDQJRN NsOGkVkYHO NRPPXQLNgOKDW RO\DQ DXWRPDWD UHQGV]HUHNNHO DPHO\HN LJkQ\OLN D 3, 1 NoG YDJ\ D KLWHONgUW\D V]gPgQDN HONsOGkVkW '70)KDQJRN NsOGkVH $ '70)KDQJRN EHgOOmWgVgKR] D +RVV]~ D *\RUV YDJ\ D . LOHKHWÊVkJHN Nq]sO YgODV]WKDW 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN > *\iUL EHiOOtWiVRN > '70) '70)KDQJRN NsOGkVH DNWmY KmYgVEoO $ KmYgV VRUgQ WgUFVg]]D D V]gPMHJ\HNHW YDJ\ YgODVV]RQ HJ\ V]gPRW PDMG 1\RPMD PHJ M S . , 9È/ + (UHGPkQ\ Q\LVVD PHJ D 7iUFVi]iV PHQ PHQW OkSWHVVHQ LGH 'DOODPRN NOGpVH kV NsOGMH HO D V]gPRW '70)KDQJRNNkQW $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 135 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM . LKDQJRVmWo V]ROJgOWDWgVRN KDV]QgODWD 0HJYgVgUROKDWMD D YgODV]WKDWo 0RWRUROD 2ULJLQDO| NqQQ\HQ WHOHSmWKHWÊNLKDQJRVmWo NkV]OHWHW LOOHWYH D V]LQWkQ YgODV]WKDWo 0RWRUROD 2ULJLQDO WHOHIRQIsOKDOOJDWoW D] DXWoEDQ WqUWkQÊ KDV]QgODWKR] (]HNNHO D WDUWR]kNRNNDO NsOqQEq]Ê PoGRQ Nk] KDV]QgODWD QkONsO NH]HOKHWL D WHOHIRQMgW 0HJMHJ\]kV (ONkS]HOKHWÊ KRJ\ D YH]HWkN QkONsOL HV]Nq]qN kV WDUWR]kNDLN KDV]QgODWD EL]RQ\RV NqU]HWHNEHQ QHP YDJ\ FVDN NRUOgWR]RWW PkUWkNEHQ PHJHQJHGHWW 0LQGLJ WDUWVD EH D WHUPkNHN KDV]QgODWgUD YRQDWNR]o WqUYkQ\HNHW kV HOÊmUgVRNDW . sOVÊ KDQJV]oUo EHNDSFVROgVD +D D WHOHIRQMgKR] NsOVÊ KDQJV]oUoW KDV]QgO DNNRU HOÊV]qU FVDWODNR]WDWQLD NHOO D KDQJV]oUoW PDMG 1\RPMD PHJ +$1*6= + KD HOkUKHWÊ YDJ\ M !+DQJV]yUy EH (UHGPkQ\ FVDWODNR]WDWRWW KDQJV]oUo EHNDSFVROgVD $XWRPDWLNXV KmYgVIRJDGgV %HgOOmWKDWMD KRJ\ D WHOHIRQ NkW FVHQJkV XWgQ QkJ\ PgVRGSHUF DXWRPDWLNXVDQ IRJDGMD D KmYgVRNDW KD D] . qQQ\HQ WHOHSmWKHWÊNLKDQJRVmWoVNkV]OHWKH] LOOHWYH WHOHIRQRV IsOKDOOJDWoKR] YDQ FVDWODNR]WDWYD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 136 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ S . , 9È/ + S . , 9È/ + S . , 9È/ + (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ LGH $XWyV EHiOOtWiVRN YDJ\ )OKDOOJDWy YgODVV]D NL D IXQNFLoW OkSWHVVHQ LGH $XWRPDWLNXV YiODV] YgODVV]D H]W $XWRPDWLNXV YiODV] OkSWHVVHQ LGH %H YDJ\ . L HUÊVmWVH PHJ D EHgOOmWgVW $XWRPDWLNXV NLKDQJRVmWgV s]HPPoG %HgOOmWKDWMD KRJ\ D WHOHIRQ DXWRPDWLNXVDQ WRYgEEmWVD D KmYgVRNDW D NqQQ\HQ WHOHSmWKHWÊNLKDQJRVmWo NkV]OHWKH] 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S . , 9È/ + M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN > $XWyV EHiOOtWiVRN > $XWRPDWLNXV NLKDQJ (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ LGH %H YDJ\ . L HUÊVmWVH PHJ D EHgOOmWgVW . LNDSFVROgVL LGÊWDUWDP +D D WHOHIRQMD D . qQQ\HQ WHOHSmWKHWÊNLKDQJRVmWoV NkV]OHWKH] FVDWODNR]LN DNNRU EHgOOmWKDWMD KRJ\ D WHOHIRQ D J\rMWgV OHNDSFVROgVD XWgQ LV EHNDSFVROYD PDUDGMRQ PkJ HJ\ LGHLJ (]]HO PHJDNDGgO\R]KDWMD KRJ\ D WHOHIRQ D JkSMgUPØ DNNXPXOgWRUgW KDV]QgOMD GH HPHOOHWW HOkJ KRVV]r LGHLJ EHNDSFVROYD PDUDGMRQ D WHOHIRQ KRJ\ eQQHN QH NHOOMHQ rMUD EHmUQLD D IHOROGo NoGRW KD QkKD OHgOOmWMD D] DXWoMgW $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 137 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 0HJMHJ\]kV (] D V]ROJgOWDWgV QHP PLQGHQ J\rMWgVNDSFVROoYDO PØNqGLN 9LJ\g]DW +D D )RO\DPDWRV RSFLoW YgODV]WMD DNNRU D WHOHIRQ D J\rMWgV OHYkWHOH XWgQ VHP NDSFVRO NL )LJ\HOMHQ DUUD KRJ\ QH PHUmWVH OH D] DXWo DNNXPXOgWRUgW 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S . , 9È/ + M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN > $XWyV EHiOOtWiVRN > . LNDSFV NpVOHOWHWpV (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D] LGÊWDUWDPUD HUÊVmWVH PHJ D NLYgODV]WgVW 7qOWkVL LGÊ +D D WHOHIRQMD NqQQ\HQ WHOHSmWKHWÊNLKDQJRVmWoV NkV]OHWKH] FVDWODNR]LN DNNRU EHgOOmWKDWMD KRJ\ D WHOHIRQ D J\rMWgV OHNDSFVROgVD XWgQ LV WqOWVH PDJgW PkJ HJ\ LGHLJ (]]HO EL]WRVmWKDWMD KRJ\ D WHOHIRQ WHOMHVHQ IHOWqOWÊGMqQ D] DXWoEDQ D SDUNROgV DODWW 0HJMHJ\]kV (] D V]ROJgOWDWgV QHP PLQGHQ J\rMWgVNDSFVROoYDO PØNqGLN 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S . , 9È/ + M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN > $XWyV EHiOOtWiVRN > 7|OWpVL LGv (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D WqOWkVL LGÊUH HUÊVmWVH PHJ D NLYgODV]WgVW $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 138 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $GDW kV ID[KmYgVRN NH]GHPkQ\H]kVH $ 0RWRUROD 2ULJLQDO| DGDWFVRPDJ OHKHWÊYk WHV]L KRJ\ DGDWRNDW WRYgEEmWVRQ D WHOHIRQMD kV HJ\ V]gPmWoJkS LOOHWYH HJ\kE NsOVÊ HV]Nq] Nq]qWW $ NqYHWNH]ÊNHW WHKHWL w D WHOHIRQ kV HJ\ NsOVÊ HV]Nq] Nq]qWWL V]LQNURQL]gFLoW KDMWVD YkJUH D 6WDUILVK 7UXH6\QF V]RIWYHUUHO 0RWRUROD WDUWR]kN 7RYgEEL LQIRUPgFLoNkUW OgVG D 7UXH6\QF IHOKDV]QgOoL rWPXWDWoMgW 0HJMHJ\]kV $ 7UXH6\QF EL]WRVmWMD D V]LQNURQL]gFLoW V]gPRV Nq]NHGYHOW 6]HPkO\L , QIRUPgFLo . H]HOÊ 3, 0 V]RIWYHUUHO kV KDUGYHUWHUPkNNHO w D WHOHIRQW KDV]QgOKDWMD PRGHPNkQW D] , QWHUQHWUH WqUWkQÊ FVDWODNR]gVKR] w D WHOHIRQ KDV]QgODWD D] DGDW kV ID[KmYgVRN V]gPmWoJkSHQ LOOHWYH HJ\kE Nk]L HV]Nq]qQ WqUWkQÊ IRJDGgVgKR] ® $ V]RIWYHU WHOHSmWkVH 7HOHSmWVH D V]RIWYHUW D 0RWRUROD 2ULJLQDO DGDWFVRPDJKR] PHOOkNHOW &'520UoO 7RYgEEL LQIRUPgFLoNkUW OgVG D] DGDWFVRPDJ IHOKDV]QgOoL rWPXWDWoMgW 0HJMHJ\]kV $ WHOHIRQ kV D NsOVÊ HV]Nq] Nq]qWWL DGDWFVHUkKH] HUUH D V]RIWYHUUH YDQ V]sNVkJ $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 139 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 7HOHIRQ FVDWODNR]WDWgVD NsOVÊ HV]Nq]Kq] $ WHOHIRQW VRURV LOOHWYH 86%NgEHOOHO FVDWODNR]WDWKDWMD D V]gPmWoJkSKH] LOOHWYH HJ\kE Nk]L HV]Nq]Kq] 0HJMHJ\]kV 1HP PLQGHQ HV]Nq] NkSHV NH]HOQL D VRURV LOOHWYH 86%NgEHOHV NDSFVRODWRW (OOHQÊUL]]H D NsOVÊ HV]Nq] PØV]DNL OHmUgVgW . gEHONDSFVRODW EHgOOmWgVD &VDWODNR]WDVVD D VRURV NgEHOW LOOHWYH D 0RWRUROD 2ULJLQDO 86%NgEHOW D WHOHIRQKR] kV D NsOVÊ HV]Nq]Kq] D NqYHWNH]Ê PoGRQ 0HJMHJ\]kV 9L]VJgOMD PHJ D V]gPmWoJkSHW LOOHWYH D Nk]L HV]Nq]W KRJ\ SRQWRVDQ PLO\HQ NgEHOUH YDQ V]sNVkJ 6RURV NgEHO FVDWODNR]WDWgVD $ 0RWRUROD 0XOWL &VDWODNR]oV V]kULgMD FVHUkOKHWÊ FVDWODNR]oIHMØ NgEHO VHJmWVkJkYHO V]HPkO\L V]gPmWoJkSKH] 3$/0 , , , YDJ\ 3$/0 9 HV]Nq]Kq] NDSFVROKDWMD D WHOHIRQW 7HJ\H H]W 'XJMD EH D VRURV NgEHOW D OHYHKHWÊ IHMEH %L]WRVmWVD KRJ\ D OHYHKHWÊ IHMHQ D 0RWRUROD ORJo kV D VRURV NgEHOHQ OkYÊ IkP YkGÊEXURN eQ IHOk Qk]]HQ $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 140 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 7HJ\H H]W +D D 0RWRUROD ORJo kV D WHOHIRQ eQ IHOk Qk] GXJMD EH D OHYHKHWÊ IHMHW D WHOHIRQMD WDUWR]kNRNQDN IHQQWDUWRWW FVDWODNR]oSRUWMgED 'XJMD EH D NgEHO PgVLN YkJkW D NsOVÊ HV]Nq] VRURV LQWHUIkV]FVDWODNR]oMgED kV Kr]]D PHJ D FVDYDURNDW 86%NgEHO FVDWODNR]WDWgVD 7HJ\H H]W 'XJMD EH D NgEHOQHN D]W D YkJkW D WHOHIRQ WDUWR]kNDLQDN IHQQWDUWRWW FVDWODNR]oSRUWED DPHO\HQ D 0RWRUROD ORJo OgWKDWo (OOHQÊUL]]H KRJ\ D ORJo kV D WHOHIRQ eQ IHOk Qk]]HQ 'XJMD D NgEHO PgVLN YkJkW 86% FVDWODNR]o D NsOVÊ HV]Nq] 86%SRUWMgED $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 141 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $GDW YDJ\ ID[KmYgV NH]GHPkQ\H]kVH (]]HO D] HOMgUgVVDO D FVDWODNR]WDWRWW HV]Nq]UÊO DGDWRNDW NsOGKHW kV V]LQNURQL]gOKDWMD D WHOHIRQ D V]gPmWoJkS LOOHWYH D] HJ\kE Nk]L HV]Nq]qN WHOHIRQNqQ\YkW kV QDSWgUgW &VDWODNR]WDVVD D WHOHIRQW D NsOVÊ HV]Nq]Kq] D ROGDORQ OHmUWDN V]HULQW kV KDMWVD YkJUH D NqYHWNH]Ê OkSkVHNHW 7HJ\H H]W (OOHQÊUL]]H D WHOHIRQW (UHGPkQ\ HOOHQÊUL]]H KRJ\ D WHOHIRQ EH YDQH NDSFVROYD kV PHJIHOHOÊH D FVDWODNR]WDWgV , QGmWVD HO D $] DONDOPD]gVEoO SkOGgXO V]gPmWoJkSHQ WHOHIRQRV KgOo]DW YDJ\ D] DONDOPD]gVW ID[ NH]GHPkQ\H]]HQ KmYgVW 0HJMHJ\]kV 1HP NH]GHPkQ\H]KHW DGDW YDJ\ ID[KmYgVRNDW D WHOHIRQ ELOOHQW\Ø]HWkUÊO (OÊV]qU WgUFVg]QLD NHOO H]HNHW D V]gPRNDW D V]gPmWoJkSkUÊO NLYkYH KD EHV]kG PDMG ID[ MHOOHJØ KmYgVW NH]GHPkQ\H] OgVG D ROGDOW ]gUMD OH D KmYgVW kV V]sQWHVVH PHJ D NDSFVRODWRW KD D] DGDWgWYLWHO EHIHMH]ÊGqWW +mYgV ERQWgVD D FVDWODNR]WDWRWW HV]Nq]UÊO $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 142 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $GDW YDJ\ ID[KmYgV IRJDGgVD (]]HO D] HOMgUgVVDO WRYgEEmWKDW DGDWRNDW YDJ\ ID[RNDW D V]gPmWoJkSkUH LOOHWYH HJ\ Nk]L HV]Nq]UH &VDWODNR]WDVVD D WHOHIRQW D] NsOVÊ HV]Nq]UH D ROGDORQ OHmUWDN V]HULQW $] DGDWRN kV ID[RN gWDGgVD $ WHOHIRQ kUWHVmWL eQW D] DGDWRN YDJ\ ID[RN EHkUNH]kVH HVHWkQ kV WRYgEEmWMD D KmYgVW D FVDWODNR]WDWRWW HV]Nq]UH $ WRYgEEmWRWW KmYgV IRJDGgVgKR] D FVDWODNR]WDWRWW HV]Nq]qQ IXWQLD NHOO D PHJIHOHOÊ DONDOPD]gVQDN $GDWID[NDSFVRODW EHIHMH]kVH $] DGDW LOOHWYH ID[gWDGgV EHIHMH]kVH XWgQ 7HJ\H H]W +mYgV ERQWgVD D FVDWODNR]WDWRWW HV]Nq]UÊO (UHGPkQ\ NDSFVRODW ERQWgVD %HV]kG PDMG ID[ MHOOHJØ KmYgV NH]GHPkQ\H]kVH 2O\DQ KmYgVRNDW LV NH]GHPkQ\H]KHW DPHO\HNEHQ HOÊV]qU EHV]kO PDMG HONsOG HJ\ ID[RW XJ\DQDUUD D WHOHIRQV]gPUD XJ\DQDEEDQ D KmYgVEDQ $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 143 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM &VDWODNR]WDVVD D WHOHIRQW DKKR] D] HV]Nq]Kq] DPHO\UÊO NsOGHQL NmYgQMD D ID[RW OgVG D ROGDOW kV KDMWVD YkJUH D NqYHWNH]Ê OkSkVHNHW 1\RPMD PHJ ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL M S . , 9È/ + (UHGPkQ\ mUMD EH D WHOHIRQV]gPRW Q\LVVD PHJ D 7iUFVi]iV PHQ PHQsW OkSWHVVHQ LGH %HV]pG PDMG ID[ YgODVV]D H]W %HV]pG PDMG ID[ $ NLYgODV]WRWW RSFLo FVDN D NqYHWNH]Ê KmYgVUD OHV] kUYkQ\HV KmYgV NH]GHPkQ\H]kVH %HV]kOMHQ PDMG KD EHIHMH]WH NH]GHPkQ\H]]H D ID[NsOGkVW D FVDWODNR]WDWRWW HV]Nq]UÊO $] DGDWgWDGgV EHIHMH]WkYHO ERQWVD D KmYgVW D FVDWODNR]WDWRWW HV]Nq]UÊO N 7HOHIRQKmYgVRN Q\RPRQ NqYHWkVH $ KmYgVLGÊPkUÊ PHJWHNLQWkVH $ KgOo]DWL NDSFVRODWL LGÊ D] D] LGÊWDUWDP DPHO\ D V]ROJgOWDWo KgOo]DWgKR] WqUWkQÊ NDSFVROoGgV SLOODQDWD kV D KmYgVQDN D O JRPEEDO WqUWkQÊ EHIHMH]kVH Nq]qWW WHOLN HO (] D] LGÊWDUWDP WDUWDOPD]]D D IRJODOW MHO]kVW kV D FVHQJHWkVW LV $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 144 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $ QXOOg]KDWo LGËPkUË gOWDO MHO]HWW KgOo]DWL NDSFVRODWL LGË QHP V]sNVkJNkSSHQ HJ\HQOË D V]ROJgOWDWo gOWDO PHJDGRWW D V]gPOg]gV DODSMgXO V]ROJgOo LGËWDUWDPPDO $ V]gPOg]gVVDO NDSFVRODWRV WRYgEEL WXGQLYDOoNkUW IRUGXOMRQ Nq]YHWOHQsO D V]ROJgOWDWoKR] $ KmYgVLGÊPkUÊ PHJWHNLQWkVH 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > 8WROVy KtYiVRN > +tYiVLGvN +DV]QgOMD D] DOgEEL PoGV]HUHN HJ\LNkW , GËPkUË 8WROVy KtYiV 7iUFVi]RWW V]iPRN %HpUNH]HWW KtYiVRN gVV]HV KtYiV eOHWWDUWDP /HmUgV $] XWROVo WgUFVg]RWW YDJ\ IRJDGRWW KmYgV LGÊWDUWDPD (]W D] LGÊPkUÊW QHP QXOOg]KDWMD $] LGÊPkUÊ QXOOg]gVD oWD D WgUFVg]RWW V]gPRNNDO NDSFVRODWRV WHOMHV LGÊWDUWDP $] LGÊPkUÊ QXOOg]gVD oWD D EHkUNH]HWW KmYgVRNNDO NDSFVRODWRV WHOMHV LGÊWDUWDP $] LGÊPkUÊ QXOOg]gVD oWD D WgUFVg]RWW kV EHkUNH]HWW KmYgVRNNDO NDSFVRODWRV WHOMHV LGÊWDUWDP $ WHOHIRQQDO NH]GHPkQ\H]HWW kV EHkUNH]HWW KmYgVRN qVV]HVmWHWW LGÊWDUWDPD (]W D] LGÊPkUÊW QHP QXOOg]KDWMD $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 145 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $ KmYgVLGÊPkUÊ QXOOg]gVD 1\RPMD PHJ 18//È= + , *(1 (UHGPkQ\ LGÊ QXOOg]gVD KD OHKHW HUÊVmWVH PHJ D QXOOg]gVW +mYgVGmMDN PHJWHNLQWkVH kV QXOOg]gVD +mYgVGmMNqYHWÊ PHJMHOHQmWkVH 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 'mMNqYHWkV )HQQPDUDGy KLWHONHUHW M > 8WROVy KtYiVRN > +tYiVGtM +DV]QgOMD D] DOgEEL PoGV]HUHN HJ\LNkW /HmUgV $ IHOKDV]QgOKDWo KLWHONHUHWHW PXWDWMD $ *60 GmMNLMHO]kV FVDN DNNRU kUKHWÊ HO KD EHgOOmWRWWD D GmMNHUHWHW $ UHQGHONH]kVUH gOOo KLWHONHUHW OHMgUDWL LGHMH &VDN HOÊUH IL]HWHWW HOÊIL]HWkVQkO kUKHWÊ HO 8WROVo IHOWqOWkV qVV]HJH &VDN HOÊUH IL]HWHWW HOÊIL]HWkVQkO kUKHWÊ HO $] XWROVo WgUFVg]RWW YDJ\ IRJDGRWW KmYgV GmMqVV]HJH (]W D GmMNqYHWÊW QHP QXOOg]KDWMD $ WgUFVg]RWW V]gPRNNDO NDSFVRODWRV GmM D GmMNqYHWÊ XWROVo QXOOg]gVD oWD $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD /HMiUDWL GiWXP 8WROVy KR]]iMiUXOiV 8WROVy KtYiV 7iUFVi]RWW V]iPRN UG. GSM. book Page 146 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 'mMNqYHWkV %HpUNH]HWW KtYiVRN gVV]HV KtYiV /HmUgV $ EHkUNH]HWW KmYgVRNNDO NDSFVRODWRV GmM D GmMNqYHWÊ XWROVo QXOOg]gVD oWD $ NH]GHPkQ\H]HWW kV EHkUNH]HWW KmYgVRNNDO NDSFVRODWRV GmM D GmMNqYHWÊ XWROVo QXOOg]gVD oWD (]W D] kUWkNHW QXOOg]KDWMD D 7iUFVi]RWW V]iPRN kV D %HpUNH]HWW KtYiVRN RSFLoWoO IsJJHWOHQsO WHKgW D 7iUFVi]RWW V]iPRN SOXV] D %HpUNH]HWW KtYiVRN QHP IHOWkWOHQsO OHV] HJ\HQOÊ D] gVV]HV KtYiV RSFLoYDO 'mMNqYHWÊ QXOOg]gVD 1\RPMD PHJ 18//È= + 2. (UHGPkQ\ GmM QXOOg]gVD KD OHKHW mUMD EH D 3, 1NoGRW D QXOOg]gV PHJHUÊVmWkVkKH] +LWHONHUHW LQIRUPgFLoN PHJWHNLQWkVH (OËUH IL]HWHWW HOËIL]HWkV +D HOÊUH IL]HW HJ\ HOÊIL]HWkVkUW DNNRU PHJWHNLQWKHWL D IHQQPDUDGo KLWHONHUHWHW D OHMgUDWL GgWXPRW kV D] XWROVo EHIL]HWkV GgWXPgW 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > %HiOOtWiVRN > 7HOHIRQ iOODSRW > +LWHONHUHW LQIR $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 147 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 'mMNLMHO]kVL V]ROJgOWDWgV +D HOÊIL]HW HJ\ GmMNLMHO]kVL V]ROJgOWDWgVUD DNNRU PHJWHNLQWKHWL D UHQGHONH]kVkUH gOOo KLWHO qVV]HJkW 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > %HiOOtWiVRN > 7HOHIRQ iOODSRW > )HQQPDUDGy KLWHONHUHW +mYgVGmM EHgOOmWgVDLQDN PoGRVmWgVD 0HJDGKDWMD D KLWHONHUHWHW LV KRJ\ D WHOHIRQMD D KmYgV Nq]EHQ NLMHOH]]H D IHQQPDUDGo KLWHONHUHW QDJ\VgJgW $ WHOHIRQ MHO]L KD HOkUWH D KLWHONHUHWHW kV EHIHMH]L D KmYgVW 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > %HiOOtWiVRN > +tYiV N|]EHQL EHiOOtW > +tYiVGtM EHiOOtWiVD , GÊPkUÊN KDV]QgODWD KmYgV Nq]EHQ %HgOOmWKDWMD D] LGÊPkUÊW rJ\ KRJ\ KmYgV Nq]EHQ PHJDGRWW LGÊNq]qQNkQW VmSROMRQ kV NsOqQEq]Ê WmSXVr LQIRUPgFLoNDW MHOHQmWVHQ PHJ 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > %HiOOtWiVRN > +tYiV N|]EHQL EHiOOtW > +tYiV N|]EHQL LGvPpUv +DV]QgOMD D] DOgEEL PoGV]HUHN HJ\LNkW , Gv . |OWVpJ . LMHO]L D] DNWXgOLV KmYgV HOWHOW LGHMkW . LMHO]L D] DNWXgOLV KmYgV GmMgW KD HOÊIL]HWHWW D KmYgVGmM IXQNFLoUD YDJ\ D GmMNLMHO]kVL V]ROJgOWDWgVUD $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 148 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 7HOMHV KtYiVGtM )HQQPDUDGy KLWHONHUHW . L . LMHO]L D] LGÊPkUÊ XWROVo QXOOg]gVD oWD kUYkQ\HV qVV]HV KmYgVUD YRQDWNR]o KmYgVGmMDW KD HOÊIL]HWHWW D KmYgVGmM LOOHWYH D GmMNLMHO]kVL V]ROJgOWDWgVUD . LMHO]L D IHQQPDUDGo KLWHONHUHW QDJ\VgJgW KD HOÊIL]HWHWW D KmYgVGmM IXQNFLoUD YDJ\ GmMNLMHO]kVL V]ROJgOWDWgVUD 1HP MHOHQLN PHJ D KmYgVLGÊPkUÊ NkSHUQ\ÊQ *356 DGDWLGÊ kV DGDWPHQQ\LVkJPkUÊN PHJWHNLQWkVH kV QXOOg]gVD $ WHOHIRQMD QDJ\VHEHVVkJØ *356 *HQHUDO 3DFNHW 5DGLR 6HUYLFH KgOo]DWL NDSFVRODWRW LV KDV]QgOKDW DGDWRNQDN DGDWYDJ\ ID[KmYgV Nq]EHQ WqUWkQÊ gWYLWHOkKH] $] LO\HQ WmSXVr HOMgUgVW DPHO\QHN VRUgQ HJ\ NsOVÊ HV]Nq] KDV]QgOMD D] eQ WHOHIRQMgW DGDWRN IHOYDJ\ OHWqOWkVkKH] NsOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODWQDN QHYH]LN $ WHOHIRQMgQDN PLNUREqQJkV]ÊMH LV KDV]QgOKDW *356 NDSFVRODWRW DGDWRNQDN D] , QWHUQHWUH WqUWkQÊ IHO LOOHWYH OHWqOWkVkKH] $] LO\HQ WmSXVr HOMgUgVW EHOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODWQDN QHYH]LN $ WHOHIRQMD D] LO\HQ DGDWNDSFVRODWRN VRUgQ Q\RPRQ NqYHWL D] DGDWRN NsOGkVkUH IRUGmWRWW LGÊW kV D] HONsOGqWW DGDWRN PHQQ\LVkJkW $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 149 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $] DGDWNDSFVRODWL LGËQHN kV D] gWYLWW DGDWPHQQ\LVkJQHN D] D PkUWkNH DPHO\HW Q\RPRQ NqYHWKHW D QXOOg]KDWo DGDWLGË kV DGDWPHQQ\LVkJ PkUËNqQ NsOqQEq]KHW DQQDN D] DGDWNDSFVRODWL LGËQHN YDJ\ DQQDN D] gWYLWW DGDWPHQQ\LVkJQHN D PkUWkNkWËO DPHO\HW D V]ROJgOWDWoMD OHV]gPOg]KDW $ V]gPOg]gVVDO NDSFVRODWRV WRYgEEL WXGQLYDOoNkUW IRUGXOMRQ Nq]YHWOHQsO D V]ROJgOWDWoKR] $GDWLGËPkUËN $] gVV]HV DGDWIRO\DPDW LGÊPkUÊNqQ PHJWHNLQWKHWL PLQG D] XWROVo DGDWNDSFVRODW PLQG D] qVV]HV DGDWNDSFVRODW VRUgQ HOWqOWqWW LGÊW kV QXOOg]KDWMD LV H]HNHW D] LGÊPkUÊNHW $] XWROVo DGDWNDSFVRODW LGHMkW PXWDWo LGÊPkUÊN PHJWHNLQWkVH 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > 8WROVy KtYiVRN > $GDWLGv > 8WROVy DGDWIRO\DPDW +DV]QgOMD D] DOgEEL PoGV]HUHN HJ\LNkW , GËPkUË . OVv DGDWIRO\DPDW %HOVv DGDWIRO\DPDW gVV]HV LGv /HmUgV $] XWROVo NsOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODW VRUgQ HOWqOWqWW LGÊ(]W D] LGÊPkUÊW QHP QXOOg]KDWMD $] XWROVo EHOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODW VRUgQ HOWqOWqWW LGÊ(]W D] LGÊPkUÊW QHP QXOOg]KDWMD $] XWROVo NsOVÊ kV EHOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODW VRUgQ HOWqOWqWW qVV]HV LGÊ (]W D] LGÊPkUÊW QHP QXOOg]KDWMD $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 150 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $] qVV]HV DGDWNDSFVRODWRW qVV]HVmWÊ LGÊPkUÊN PHJWHNLQWkVH YDJ\ QXOOg]gVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > 8WROVy KtYiVRN > $GDWLGv > gVV]HV DGDWIRO\DPDW +DV]QgOMD D] DOgEEL PoGV]HUHN HJ\LNkW , GËPkUË /HmUgV . OVvDGDWIRO\DPDWRN $] LGÊPkUÊ QXOOg]gVD oWD D] qVV]HV NsOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODWUD IRUGmWRWW WHOMHV LGÊWDUWDP %HOVvDGDWIRO\DPDWRN $] LGÊPkUÊ QXOOg]gVD oWD D] qVV]HV EHOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODWUD IRUGmWRWW WHOMHV LGÊWDUWDP $] LGÊPkUÊ QXOOg]gVD oWD D] gVV]HV LGv qVV]HV NsOVÊ kV EHOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODWUD IRUGmWRWW WHOMHV LGÊWDUWDP $] DGDWNDSFVRODWRN qVV]HV gVV]HV W|UOpVH LGÊPkUÊMkQHN QXOOg]gVD $GDWPHQQ\LVkJPkUËN $ gVV]HV DGDWIRO\DPDW PHQQ\LVkJPkUÊNqQ PHJWHNLQWKHWL PLQG D] XWROVo DGDWNDSFVRODW PLQG D] qVV]HV DGDWNDSFVRODW VRUgQ gWYLWW DGDWPHQQ\LVkJHW kV QXOOg]KDWMD LV H]HNHW D PHQQ\LVkJPkUÊNHW $] XWROVo DGDWNDSFVRODW PHQQ\LVkJPkUÊLQHN PHJWHNLQWkVH 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > 8WROVy KtYiVRN > $GDWPHQQ\LVpJHN > 8WROVy DGDWIRO\DPDW $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 151 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM +DV]QgOMD D] DOgEEL PoGV]HUHN HJ\LNkW , GËPkUË . OVv DGDWIRO\DPDW %HOVv DGDWIRO\DPDW gVV]HV HONOG|WW DGDW /HmUgV $] XWROVo NsOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODW VRUgQ NsOGqWW kV IRJDGRWW DGDWRN PHQQ\LVkJkQHN YDODPLQW H]HN qVV]HVmWHWW PHQQ\LVkJkQHN PHJWHNLQWkVH (]W D PHQQ\LVkJPkUÊW QHP QXOOg]KDWMD $] XWROVo EHOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODW VRUgQ NsOGqWW kV IRJDGRWW DGDWRN PHQQ\LVkJkQHN YDODPLQW H]HN qVV]HVmWHWW PHQQ\LVkJkQHN PHJWHNLQWkVH (]W D PHQQ\LVkJPkUÊW QHP QXOOg]KDWMD $] XWROVo EHOVÊ kV NsOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODW VRUgQ NsOGqWW kV IRJDGRWW DGDWRN PHQQ\LVkJkQHN YDODPLQW H]HN qVV]HVmWHWW PHQQ\LVkJkQHN PHJWHNLQWkVH (]W D PHQQ\LVkJPkUÊW QHP QXOOg]KDWMD $] qVV]HV DGDWNDSFVRODWRW qVV]HVmWÊ PHQQ\LVkJPkUÊN PHJWHNLQWkVH YDJ\ QXOOg]gVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > 8WROVy KtYiVRN > $GDWLGv > gVV]HV DGDWIRO\DPDW $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 152 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM +DV]QgOMD D] DOgEEL PoGV]HUHN HJ\LNkW /HmUgV . OVvDGDWIRO\DPDWRN $ PHQQ\LVkJPkUÊ QXOOg]gVD oWD D] qVV]HV NsOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODW VRUgQ NsOGqWW kV IRJDGRWW DGDWRN PHQQ\LVkJkQHN YDODPLQW H]HN qVV]HVmWHWW PHQQ\LVkJkQHN PHJWHNLQWkVH %HOVvDGDWIRO\DPDWRN $ PHQQ\LVkJPkUÊ QXOOg]gVD oWD D] qVV]HV EHOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODW VRUgQ NsOGqWW kV IRJDGRWW DGDWRN PHQQ\LVkJkQHN YDODPLQW H]HN qVV]HVmWHWW PHQQ\LVkJkQHN PHJWHNLQWkVH $ PHQQ\LVkJPkUÊ QXOOg]gVD gVV]HV LGv oWD D] qVV]HV NsOVÊ kV EHOVÊ DGDWNDSFVRODW VRUgQ NsOGqWW kV IRJDGRWW DGDWRN PHQQ\LVkJkQHN YDODPLQW H]HN qVV]HVmWHWW PHQQ\LVkJkQHN PHJWHNLQWkVH $] DGDWNDSFVRODWRN qVV]HV gVV]HV W|UOpVH PHQQ\LVkJPkUÊMkQHN QXOOg]gVD , GËPkUË $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 153 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM $ KgOo]DWL EHgOOmWgVRN PoGRVmWgVD $ V]ROJgOWDWo EHMHJ\]L D] DGRWW KgOo]DWKR] D WHOHIRQMgW 0HJWHNLQWKHWL D] DNWXgOLV KgOo]DWUD YRQDWNR]o LQIRUPgFLoNDW PoGRVmWKDWMD D KgOo]DWNHUHVkVL EHgOOmWgVW PHJDGKDWMD D SUHIHUgOW KgOo]DWRNDW kV EHNDSFVROKDWMD D]RNDW D ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVHNHW DPHO\HN D KmYgV PHJV]DNDGgVgW LOOHWYH D KgOo]DWL UHJLV]WUgFLo PHJYgOWR]gVgW MHO]LN M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH > +iOy]DW )UHNYHQFLDVgY EHgOOmWgVD (ONkS]HOKHWÊ KRJ\ PDQXgOLVDQ EHgOOmWKDWMD D WHOHIRQ gOWDO KDV]QgOW IUHNYHQFLDVgYRW DPLNRU 0+]HW J\DNRUL dV]DN kV 'kO $PHULNgEDQ KDV]QgOo WHUsOHWUÊO 0+]HW J\DNRUL (XUoSgEDQ kV ]VLgEDQ KDV]QgOo WHUsOHWUH XWD]LN YDJ\ YLVV]D $ JOREgOLV EDUDQJROgVUD YRQDWNR]o WRYgEEL WXGQLYDOoNkUW IRUGXOMRQ D KgOo]DW s]HPHOWHWÊMkKH] 0HJMHJ\]kV +D D] 2UV]iJ RSFLo QHP HOkUKHWÊ DNNRU D WHOHIRQ DXWRPDWLNXVDQ PLQGHQ IUHNYHQFLDVgYRQ V]ROJgOWDWgVRNDW NHUHV 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ 0Ï'26Ë7 + M > %HiOOtWiVRN > (J\pE EHiOOtWiVRN > +iOy]DW > +iOy]DWL EHiOOtWiV (UHGPkQ\ YgODVV]D H]W 2UV]iJ $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 154 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ S (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D IUHNYHQFLDVgYUD YDJ\ OkSWHVVHQ D] $XWRPDWLNXV RSFLoUD KD D]W V]HUHWQk KRJ\ D WHOHIRQ YgODVV]D NL D IUHNYHQFLDVgYRW HUÊVmWVH PHJ D EHgOOmWgVW . , 9È/ + $ WHOHIRQ H[WUD V]ROJgOWDWgVDLQDN KDV]QgODWD UG. GSM. book Page 155 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM %L]WRQVgJ $ WHOHIRQ OH]gUgVD kV IHOROGgVD $ WHOHIRQW PDQXgOLVDQ LV OH]gUKDWMD GH D]W LV EHgOOmWKDWMD KRJ\ D WHOHIRQ DXWRPDWLNXVDQ ]gUoGMRQ OH D NLNDSFVROgVgW NqYHWÊHQ $ OH]gUW WHOHIRQW D KDV]QgODWED YkWHO HOÊWW IHO NHOO ROGDQL $ OH]gUW WHOHIRQ D EHkUNH]Ê KmYgVRN LOOHWYH s]HQHWHN HVHWkQ LV FVHQJ YDJ\ UH]HJ GH D KmYgV IRJDGgVgKR] HO NHOO YkJH]QLH D IHOROGgVW 6HJkO\NkUÊ KmYgVRNDW DNNRU LV NH]GHPkQ\H]KHW KD D WHOHIRQ OH YDQ ]gUYD 7RYgEEL LQIRUPgFLoNkUW OgVG D ROGDOW $ WHOHIRQ PDQXgOLV OH]gUgVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL 2. + M > %HiOOtWiVRN > %L]WRQViJ > 7HOHIRQ]iU > /H]iUiV PRVW (UHGPkQ\ mUMD EH D IHOROGo NoGRW D WHOHIRQ OH]gUgVD $ WHOHIRQ DXWRPDWLNXV OH]gUgVD %HgOOmWKDWMD KRJ\ D WHOHIRQ DXWRPDWLNXVDQ ]gUoGMRQ OH D NLNDSFVROgVNRU 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > %HiOOtWiVRN > %L]WRQViJ > 7HOHIRQ]iU > $XWRPDWLNXV ]iU > %H %L]WRQVgJ UG. GSM. book Page 156 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ ELOOHQW\Ø]HW JRPEMDL 2. [. . . ] + (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHWkV D V]qYHJEHQ NLYgODV]WKDWo HOHP NLMHOqOkVH NLMHOqOW HOHP NLYgODV]WgVD DGDWRN EHmUgVD 7LSS $ 7g5/e6 - JRPE PHJQ\RPgVgYDO EHWØQNkQW WqUqOKHWL D KLEgVDQ EHmUW V]oW YLVV]DOkSkV D] HOÊ]Ê ROGDOUD Q\LVVD PHJ D %|QJpV]v PHQ PHQsW 9, 66=$ M . kSHN kV KDQJRN OHWqOWkVH $] DGRWW ZHEROGDO KLYDWNR]gVgQDN NLMHOqOkVkYHO NkSHNHW DQLPgFLoNDW YDJ\ KDQJRNDW LV OHWqOWKHW $ NkS YDJ\ DQLPgFLo D OHWqOWkV XWgQ MHOHQLN PHJ $ KDQJ OHMgWV]gVD LV D OHWqOWkV XWgQ NH]GÊGLN (]HNHW D] REMHNWXPIgMORNDW WgUROKDWMD D WHOHIRQEDQ PDMG NkSHUQ\ÊNmPkOÊ NkSNkQW kV ILJ\HOPH]WHWÊ KDQJNkQW LV KDV]QgOKDWMD +mUHN kV MgWkNRN UG. GSM. book Page 181 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM . kS YDJ\ DQLPgFLo WgUROgVD 1\RPMD PHJ 7È52/È6 + S . , 9È/ + (UHGPkQ\ PHJMHOHQmWL D WgUROgVL RSFLoNDW OkSWHVVHQ LGH %HiOO . pSNtPpOvNpQW WgUROMD D IgMOW DPHO\HW DNgU NkSHUQ\ÊNmPkOÊ NkSNkQW LV EHgOOmWKDW $ NkSHN kV DQLPgFLoN KDV]QgODWgYDO NDSFVRODWRV WRYgEEL WXGQLYDOoNkUW OgVG D NqYHWNH]Ê ROGDODNDW kV +DQJIgMO WgUROgVD 7gUROKDWMD D KDQJIgMOW kV ILJ\HOPH]WHWÊ KDQJNkQW LV EHgOOmWKDWMD 1\RPMD PHJ 7È52/È6 + S (UHGPkQ\ PHJMHOHQmWL D WgUROgVL RSFLoNDW OkSWHVVHQ LGH &VDN 7iUROiV YDJ\ %HiOO&VHQJ+DQJNpQW +mUHN kV MgWkNRN UG. GSM. book Page 182 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 1\RPMD PHJ . , 9È/ + (UHGPkQ\ YgODVV]D NL D PHQsSRQWRW +D D &VDN 7iUROiV RSFLoW YgODV]WMD DNNRU D] HOMgUgV EHIHMH]ÊGLN +D D %HiOO&VHQJ+DQJNpQW RSFLoW YgODV]WMD D WHOHIRQ PHJMHOHQmWL D 0HO\LNUH iOOtWMD" s]HQHWHW kV NLOLVWg]]D D]RNDW D] HVHPkQ\HNHW DPHO\HNUH YRQDWNR]oDQ ILJ\HOPH]WHWkVW gOOmWKDW EH OkSWHVVHQ D] HVHPkQ\UH WgUROMD D KDQJRW kV EHgOOmWMD HVHPkQ\ILJ\HOPH]WHWÊNkQW S . , 9È/ + $ KDQJIgMORN WgUROgVgYDO NDSFVRODWRV WRYgEEL WXGQLYDOoNkUW OgVG kV M ZHENDSFVRODW OkWUHKR]gVD 9gODVV]D H]W D OHKHWÊVkJHW rM ZHENDSFVRODW YDJ\ KgOo]DWL NDSFVRODWL SURILO OkWUHKR]gVgKR] YDJ\ V]HUNHV]WkVkKH] . sOqQEq]Ê ZHENDSFVRODWRNDW KDV]QgOKDW D] , QWHUQHW NsOqQEq]Ê PoGRQ YDOo HOkUkVkKH] 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > 6]ROJiOWDWiVRN > :HE NDSFVRODWRN +mUHN kV MgWkNRN UG. GSM. book Page 183 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM :HENDSFVRODW OkWUHKR]gVgKR] HO NHOO YkJH]QLH D NqYHWNH]Ê EHgOOmWgVRNDW +D V]sNVkJHV D NDSFVRODW EHgOOmWgVL NkUGkVHLYHO NDSFVRODWEDQ IRUGXOMRQ D V]ROJgOWDWoKR] $] HJ\HV PH]ÊQHYHN kV kUWkNHN IsJJKHWQHN D]RNWoO D WHFKQROoJLgNWoO DPHO\HN D V]ROJgOWDWoMD UHQGHONH]kVkUH gOOQDN /HKHWQHN RO\DQ EHgOOmWgVRN DPHO\HN QHP kUKHWÊN HO PLQGHQ WHOHIRQWmSXVEDQ %HgOOmWgV 1pY +RQODS :$3 , 3 :$3 SRUW :$3 , 3 :$3 SRUW , GvW~OOpSpV &6' 6]iP )HOK 1pY /HmUgV ZHENDSFVRODW QHYH DODSkUWHOPH]HWW KRQODS HOVÊGOHJHV :$3gWMgUo , 3 FmPH HOVÊGOHJHV :$3 SRUWV]gPD PgVRGODJRV :$3gWMgUo , 3FmPH PgVRGODJRV :$3 SRUWV]gPD D] D] LGÊ DPHO\QHN HOWHOWH XWgQ D PLNUREqQJkV]Ê NLOkS KD QHP kV]OHO ELOOHQW\ØOHQ\RPgVRNDW D] HOVÊGOHJHVHQ KDV]QgODQGo WHOHIRQV]gP HJ\ &6' gUDPNqUNDSFVROW DGDWgWYLWHOL NDSFVRODW OkWUHKR]gVgKR] D] HOVÊGOHJHV &6' V]gPKR] WDUWR]o IHOKDV]QgOoL QkY +mUHN kV MgWkNRN UG. GSM. book Page 184 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM %HgOOmWgV -HOV]y 6HE %SV 9RQDO 7tSXV &6' 6]iP )HOK 1pY -HOV]y 6HE %SV 9RQDO 7tSXV *356 $31 )HOK 1pY -HOV]y /HmUgV D] HOVÊGOHJHV &6' V]gPKR] WDUWR]o MHOV]o D] HOVÊGOHJHV &6' V]gPKR] WDUWR]o NDSFVRODWL VHEHVVkJ D] HOVÊGOHJHV &6' V]gPKR] WDUWR]o YRQDOWmSXV PRGHP YDJ\ , 6'1 D PgVRGODJRV &6'V]gP D PgVRGODJRV &6' V]gPKR] WDUWR]o IHOKDV]QgOoL QkY D PgVRGODJRV &6' V]gPKR] WDUWR]o MHOV]o D PgVRGODJRV &6' V]gPKR] WDUWR]o NDSFVRODWL VHEHVVkJ D PgVRGODJRV &6' V]gPKR] WDUWR]o YRQDOWmSXV PRGHP YDJ\ , 6'1 *356NDSFVRODW QHYH D :$3V]ROJgOWDWo QHYH D *356NDSFVRODWKR] WDUWR]o IHOKDV]QgOoL QkY D *356NDSFVRODWKR] WDUWR]o MHOV]o +mUHN kV MgWkNRN UG. GSM. book Page 185 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM -0( DONDOPD]gVRN $ WHOHIRQMgQ -0( -DYD 0LFUR (GLWLRQ DONDOPD]gVRNDW WHOHSmWKHW kV IXWWDWKDW $] LO\HQ DONDOPD]gVRNEDQ OkYÊ MgWkNRNNDO RO\DQ KmYgVRN kV V]ROJgOWDWgVRN Nq]qWW MgWV]KDW DPHO\HN rMDEE NkSHVVkJHNNHO kV IXQNFLoNNDO EÊYmWLN D WHOHIRQMgW $ONDOPD]gVRN OHWqOWkVH D PLNUREqQJkV]ÊYHO 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH M > 6]ROJiOWDWiVRN > :$3 /kSMHQ DUUD D] ROGDOUD DPHO\ D NmYgQW -0( DONDOPD]gVW WDUWDOPD]]D PDMG 1\RPMD PHJ S . , 9È/ + /(7g/7e6 + (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D] DONDOPD]gVUD DONDOPD]gV DGDWDLQDN PHJWHNLQWkVH DONDOPD]gV OHWqOWkVH -0( DONDOPD]gV LQGmWgVD 0HQsSRQW NHUHVkVH 1\RPMD PHJ S . , 9È/ + M > 6DMiW -DYD$ON (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D] DONDOPD]gVUD DONDOPD]gV HOLQGmWgVD LOOHWYH D] DONDOPD]gVOLVWD PHJQ\LWgVD +mUHN kV MgWkNRN UG. 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GSM. book Page 197 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM 7HJ\H H]W 9gODVV]D D] > RSFLoW PDMG Q\RPMD D S JRPERW IHOIHOk YDJ\ OHIHOk (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHWkV D] XWROVo PHJROGgVL WHUYEHQ )DOWHQLV] (EEHQ D MgWkNEDQ D] sWÊ VHJmWVkJkYHO HO NHOO WDOgOQLD D SDWWRJo ODEGgW $] sWÊ HJ\UH NLVHEE OHV] D ODEGD SHGLJ IHOJ\RUVXO D SRQWV]gP QqYHNHGkVkYHO $ MgWkN V]DEgO\DL w $ SRQWV]gPRW DQQDN DODSMgQ NDSMD KRJ\ KgQ\V]RU WDOgOWD HO D] sWÊMkYHO D ODEGgW w $ MgWkN YkJHW kU KD D] sWÊYHO QHP WDOgOMD HO D ODEGgW -gWkNPHQHW 1\RPMD PHJ S IHOIHOk YDJ\ OHIHOk (UHGPkQ\ PR]JDWMD D] sWÊW KRJ\ HOWDOgOMD D] XJUgOo ODEGgW 9LGHo 3oNHU $ ]VHWRQEoO FVLQgOMRQ SOXV] ]VHWRQW D OHKHWÊ OHJMREE SoNHUODSRN VHJmWVkJkYHO $ MgWkN V]DEgO\DL w 0LQGHQ rM MgWkNRW ]VHWRQQDO NH]GL 0LQGHQ MgWkNQgO HEEÊO ]VHWRQQ\L WkWHW NHOO IHOWHQQLH w eW ODSRW NDS IHOIRUGmWYD kV OHKHWÊVkJH YDQ D ODSRN rMDNUD WqUWkQÊ NLFVHUkOkVkUH +mUHN kV MgWkNRN UG. GSM. book Page 198 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM w $ Q\HUÊ ODSRN D 'tMWiEOi]DW WgEOg]DWEDQ V]HUHSOÊ ]VHWRQqVV]HJHNHW kULN w $ YkJVÊ ]VHWRQPHQQ\LVkJHW D WHOHIRQ WgUROMD D MgWkNEoO WqUWkQÊ NLOkSkV XWgQ $ NqYHWNH]Ê MgWkNRW D NRUgEEL MgWkNEoO PHJPDUDGW ]VHWRQQDO NH]GL w $ MgWkN DNNRU kU YkJHW KD D] qVV]HV ]VHWRQMgW HOYHV]WHWWH -gWkNPHQHW 7HJ\H PHJ D WkWMkW YDJ\ PoGRVmWVD ]VHWRQ PDMG 1\RPMD PHJ 26=7È6 + 4 YDJ\ S JRPERW EDOUD 6 YDJ\ S JRPERW MREEUD 5 YDJ\ (/'2% 5 YDJ\ 0e*6( . e6= + (UHGPkQ\ rM OHRV]WgV NH]GkVH NLMHOqOL D EDO ROGDOL ODSRW NLMHOqOL D MREE ROGDOL ODSRW . LMHOqOW ODS HOGREgVD kUYkQ\WHOHQmWL D] HOGREgVW YLVV]DgOOmWMD D] HOÊ]Ê gOODSRWRW HOWgYROmWMD D] HOGRERWW ODSRW kV FVHUHODSRW RV]W 1\RPMD PHJ D M JRPERW D NqYHWNH]Ê RSFLoN NLYgODV]WgVgKR] 0HQsSRQW 7pWYiOWiV /HmUgV 0oGRVmWMD D WkW qVV]HJkW QHP HOkUKHWÊ KD PgU PHJ\ D MgWkN +mUHN kV MgWkNRN UG. 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GSM. book Page 200 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM OORPgV EHKDQJROgVD 7HJ\H H]W 1\RPMD PHJ S YDJ\ 1\RPMD PHJ kV WDUWVD OHQ\RPYD D] S (UHGPkQ\ OkSWHVVHQ D NqYHWNH]Ê IUHNYHQFLgUD OkSWHVVHQ D NqYHWNH]Ê HOkUKHWÊ UgGLoDGgVUD %HgOOmWRWW UgGLogOORPgV WgUROgVD 7HJ\H H]W 1\RPMRQ PHJ kV WDUWVRQ OHQ\RPYD HJ\ V]gPJRPERW 19 (UHGPkQ\ UHQGHOMH KR]]g H]W D V]gPRW D EHgOOmWRWW UgGLogOORPgVKR] 7gUROW UgGLogOORPgV NLYgODV]WgVD 1\RPMD PHJ V]gPJRPE 19 (UHGPkQ\ D UgGLo PHJNHUHVL D WgUROW gOORPgVW +mUHN kV MgWkNRN UG. 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GSM. book Page 202 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM WHOHIRQNqQ\YEÊO YDJ\ D] XWROVo KmYgVRN OLVWgMgEoO LV NLYgODV]WKDW 7LSS (J\ NRUgEEDQ KmYRWW V]gP WgUFVg]gVgKR] Q\RPMD PHJ D N JRPERW D] )0 6]WHUHo 5gGLo )sOKDOOJDWo PLNURIRQMgQ D WgUFVg]RWW V]gPRN OLVWgMgQDN PHJMHOHQmWkVkKH] 7RYgEEL LQIRUPgFLoNkUW OgVG D ROGDOW +mUHN kV MgWkNRN UG. 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GSM. book Page 205 Thursday, August 8, 2002 3:25 PM +RUGR]KDWo KDQGVIUHH NkV]OHW IsOKDOOJDWo +D NLKDQJRVmWYD V]HUHWQH EHV]kOQL PLQGHQ KHO\]HWEHQ D] DXWoEDQ D] XWFgQ RWWKRQ YDJ\ D] LURGgMgEDQ +DQGVIUHH NkV]OHW +6. [. . . ]